A tanulmányi év hosszú.

Here A is the definite article, so it means the.

In Hungarian:

• a is used before consonant sounds
• az is used before vowel sounds

So:

• a tanulmányi év = the academic year
• az év = the year

Even though a looks like English a, it usually means the, not a/an.

Tanulmányi means something like academic, study-related, or connected with studies.

It comes from tanulmány = study / course of study / academic work, plus the suffix -i, which often makes an adjective meaning related to something.

So:

• tanulmány = study, academic work
• tanulmányi = academic, study-related

In tanulmányi év, the whole phrase means academic year or school year, depending on context.

Because in Hungarian, adjectives normally come before the noun they describe, just like in English.

So:

• tanulmányi év = academic year
• hosszú év = long year

This part is very straightforward for English speakers: adjective first, noun second.

Év means year.

So the noun phrase breaks down like this:

• a tanulmányi év = the academic year

A useful related word is:

• éves = yearly / annual
• tanév = school year, academic year

Tanév is often a more common everyday word for school year, while tanulmányi év can sound a bit more formal or institutional.

Hosszú means long.

In this sentence, it is a predicate adjective, meaning it comes after the subject and describes it:

• A tanulmányi év hosszú.
• The academic year is long.

Hungarian adjectives do not change here for singular/plural or gender. Hungarian has no grammatical gender, and predicate adjectives stay in their basic form.

So:

• Az év hosszú. = The year is long.
• Az évek hosszúak. = The years are long.

Notice that in the plural, Hungarian often adds -ak/-ek/-ok to the adjective when it stands as the predicate, but in the singular basic sentence like this, hosszú stays unchanged.

Because Hungarian often omits the verb to be in the present tense, third person singular and third person plural, especially in simple statements like this.

So:

• A tanulmányi év hosszú. literally: The academic year long. natural English: The academic year is long.

This is completely normal in Hungarian.

Compare:

• Én fáradt vagyok. = I am tired.
• Te fáradt vagy. = You are tired.
• Ő fáradt. = He/She is tired.

So in the he/she/it form, Hungarian usually leaves out is in the present tense.

Yes, it would be correct.

Both are grammatical, but the word order changes the focus or emphasis a little:

• A tanulmányi év hosszú. = neutral statement: The academic year is long.
• Hosszú a tanulmányi év. = puts more emphasis on long: The academic year is long / It’s the academic year that is long.

Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order, and it often reflects what is being emphasized rather than just grammatical roles.

Yes. The sentence is using the basic dictionary form of the words.

• a tanulmányi év is the subject
• hosszú is the predicate adjective

There is no special case ending here because the noun is simply the subject of the sentence.

So this is a very basic, unmarked sentence structure.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• tanulmányi ≈ taw-nool-maa-nyi
• év ≈ ayv
• hosszú ≈ hos-soo

A few important pronunciation points:

• Hungarian stress is almost always on the first syllable:
  • TANulmányi
  • ÉV
  • HOSZszú
• á, é, and ú are long vowels
• sz is pronounced like English s
• s by itself is pronounced like English sh
• ny is like the ny in canyon

So hosszú has:

• sz = s
• long ú at the end

It is correct, but whether it sounds most natural depends on context.

Common possibilities include:

• tanév = school year / academic year
• tanulmányi év = academic year, often more formal or administrative
• iskolai év = school year

So if you are talking generally about the school calendar, tanév is often the most natural everyday choice.
But tanulmányi év is still perfectly understandable and correct.

You can use that as a learning aid, but not as natural English.

A literal breakdown is:

• A = the
• tanulmányi = study-related / academic
• év = year
• hosszú = long

So the literal structure is:

• The academic year long

But natural English needs is:

• The academic year is long.

This is a good example of how Hungarian and English can use different surface structures even when the meaning is simple.

The basic pattern is:

• [Definite article] + [adjective + noun] + [predicate adjective]

More simply:

• Subject + description

In this sentence:

• A tanulmányi év = subject
• hosszú = what is being said about the subject

So the sentence means:

• The academic year is long.

This is one of the most common and useful Hungarian sentence types to learn.