A féklámpa piros.

A is the Hungarian definite article, meaning the.

So:

• a féklámpa = the brake light

Hungarian has two forms of the:

• a before most consonants
• az before vowels

For example:

• a féklámpa = the brake light
• az autó = the car

In Hungarian, the verb to be is often left out in the present tense, third person.

So English:

• The brake light is red.

becomes Hungarian:

• A féklámpa piros.

This is completely normal.

But in other persons, Hungarian does use the verb:

• Piros vagyok. = I am red.
• Piros vagy. = You are red.
• A féklámpa piros. = The brake light is red.

Because piros is the predicate adjective here, not an adjective directly attached before the noun.

Compare:

• piros féklámpa = a red brake light
  
  • here piros directly describes the noun
• A féklámpa piros. = The brake light is red.
  
  • here piros is the statement about the subject

So in this sentence structure, the noun comes first and the adjective comes after it.

No. In Hungarian, adjectives generally do not change for gender, and there is no grammatical gender like in many European languages.

So piros stays piros.

Hungarian does not have masculine/feminine/neuter noun classes, so you do not need to match the adjective to gender.

Yes, it is one compound word.

It is made from:

• fék = brake
• lámpa = lamp, light

So:

• féklámpa = brake light

Hungarian very often forms compounds like this, and they are commonly written as a single word.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• fék sounds a bit like fake
• lámpa sounds roughly like LAAM-paw
• together: FAYK-laam-paw

A few helpful points:

• é is a long vowel, roughly like the vowel in say
• á is a long a, somewhat like a in father
• stress in Hungarian is always on the first syllable of the word: FÉK-lám-pa

Roughly:

• PI-rosh

More precisely:

• pi sounds like pee
• r is rolled or tapped
• o is short and rounded
• s in Hungarian is pronounced like English sh

So piros is approximately PEE-rosh.

Because Hungarian spelling is different from English.

In Hungarian:

• s = sh
• sz = s

So:

• piros sounds like pirosh
• szép sounds like sape (roughly)

This is one of the first spelling rules learners usually need to get used to.

Grammatically, yes, but piros is usually the more natural everyday word for red in many contexts.

Hungarian has both:

• piros = red
• vörös = red

Very often:

• piros is the ordinary, common color word
• vörös can sound more specific, literary, intense, or be used in fixed expressions

For something like a light, signal, or object color, piros is very natural.

A féklámpa piros. is the neutral, natural order: subject + predicate.

Hungarian word order can change for focus or emphasis, but that changes what is being highlighted.

For example:

• A féklámpa piros. = The brake light is red.
  
  • neutral statement
• Piros a féklámpa. = The brake light is red.
  
  • stronger focus on red

So yes, word order can change, but not randomly.

Because the sentence is about one brake light, and both words are in their basic dictionary forms.

• féklámpa = brake light
• piros = red

If it were plural, you would see plural marking:

• A féklámpák pirosak. = The brake lights are red.

Notice that in plural predicate adjective sentences, Hungarian often marks the adjective too:

• pirosak = red (plural in this kind of sentence)

The pattern is:

• [definite article] + [noun] + [adjective]

More grammatically:

• subject + predicate adjective

So:

• A féklámpa = the subject
• piros = the predicate adjective

This is a very common Hungarian sentence type:

• A ház nagy. = The house is big.
• Az ég kék. = The sky is blue.
• A féklámpa piros. = The brake light is red.