Kiállítják a magánútlevelet.

Because ki- is a verbal prefix attached to állítják.

In this sentence:

• kiállítják = they issue / they produce / they put out officially

The prefix ki- often has a basic sense of out, but with many verbs the whole combination has an idiomatic meaning. Here kiállít is a set verb meaning to issue (for example a passport, certificate, invoice, ticket, etc.).

So it is best to learn kiállít as a whole verb in this meaning, not by translating ki + állít word for word.

-ják is the ending for:

• 3rd person plural = they
• in the definite conjugation

So kiállítják means they issue it or they issue the ...

Hungarian uses a special set of verb endings when the object is definite. Since a magánútlevelet means the private passport, the verb appears in the definite form.

Compare:

• Kiállítanak egy útlevelet. = They issue a passport.
• Kiállítják az útlevelet. = They issue the passport.

Because a means the, while egy means a/an.

Here:

• a magánútlevelet = the private passport

Using a makes the object definite, and that is why the verb also uses the definite conjugation: kiállítják.

So the sentence is built like this:

• Kiállítják = they issue it / they issue the ...
• a magánútlevelet = the private passport

Because it is the direct object of the sentence, so it takes the accusative ending -t.

Base form:

• magánútlevél = private passport

Object form:

• magánútlevelet = private passport (as the thing being issued)

This change is very common in Hungarian. The object often gets -t, though the exact shape can change slightly because of vowel harmony or linking vowels.

So here:

• Mi az? → magánútlevél
• Mit állítanak ki? → magánútlevelet

It is a compound noun:

• magán = private
• útlevél = passport

So magánútlevél literally means private passport.

Hungarian often forms compounds very naturally, and the first part modifies the second part. The main word here is útlevél.

Because Hungarian verb endings usually already show the subject.

In kiállítják, the ending tells you the subject is:

• they

So Hungarian normally does not need an explicit subject pronoun unless you want emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Kiállítják a magánútlevelet. = They issue the private passport.
• Ők állítják ki a magánútlevelet. = They are the ones issuing the private passport.

The second version is more emphatic.

Yes. Kiállítják is present tense.

So the sentence means something like:

• They issue the private passport
• or, depending on context, The private passport is issued

Hungarian present tense can sometimes also sound more general or procedural in English, especially in official or administrative contexts.

Not grammatically. Hungarian usually prefers active structures where English might often use a passive.

So:

• Kiállítják a magánútlevelet.

is literally active:

• They issue the private passport

But in real translation, English might sometimes prefer:

• The private passport is issued

even though Hungarian does not use a passive form here.

So the Hungarian sentence is active in form, with an unspecified they.

Because Hungarian word order is flexible, and this order is perfectly normal.

This sentence has:

• Kiállítják = verb
• a magánútlevelet = object

This is a neutral and common order, especially when the focus is not strongly marked.

But Hungarian word order can change for emphasis. For example:

• A magánútlevelet kiállítják.

This can sound more like:

• The private passport, they do issue
• or it may simply place more attention on the object

So word order in Hungarian is not just about grammar; it also shows focus and information structure.

Yes, in some sentence types Hungarian verbal prefixes separate from the verb.

For example:

• Kiállítják a magánútlevelet. = They issue the private passport.
• Nem állítják ki a magánútlevelet. = They do not issue the private passport.

In the negative sentence, ki moves away from the verb.

This is a very important feature of Hungarian prefix verbs:

• in a neutral affirmative sentence, the prefix often stays attached
• with negation, certain focus patterns, or some other structures, it can separate

A rough guide:

• kiállítják ≈ kee-aal-LEET-yaak
• a ≈ short aw
• magánútlevelet ≈ ma-GAHN-oot-le-ve-let

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• á is a long vowel, like a longer a
• í is a long ee
• j sounds like English y
• gy is a soft consonant, somewhat like the dy in duke for many speakers, though not exactly

Stress in Hungarian is always on the first syllable of each word:

• KI-állítják
• MA-gánútlevelet

Yes. Like many Hungarian verbs, kiállít has several meanings depending on context.

A very common meaning is:

• to issue (a document, certificate, invoice, passport)

But in other contexts it can also mean things like:

• to exhibit / display
• to set up / place out
• in some expressions, other related meanings

So when learning it, it helps to connect the meaning to the object:

• kiállít egy útlevelet = issue a passport
• kiállít egy számlát = issue an invoice
• kiállít egy festményt = exhibit a painting

The object often tells you which English translation fits best.