Ez jóval olcsóbb.

In Hungarian, the verb to be is often left out in the present tense when the subject is third person.

So:

• Ez jóval olcsóbb. = This is much cheaper.

But in other persons, you do use the verb:

• Én olcsóbb vagyok. = I am cheaper.
• Te olcsóbb vagy. = You are cheaper.

This omission is very normal in Hungarian, so Ez jóval olcsóbb is a complete sentence.

Here, jóval means much, a lot, or considerably.

So:

• jóval olcsóbb = much cheaper

Even though jó by itself means good, jóval in this expression does not mean with good or anything literal like that. It functions as an intensifier before a comparative.

You can think of it as:

• olcsóbb = cheaper
• jóval olcsóbb = much cheaper

Olcsóbb is the comparative form of olcsó (cheap).

Hungarian usually forms the comparative by adding -bb:

• olcsó = cheap
• olcsóbb = cheaper

So the ending -bb often corresponds to English -er or more ....

More examples:

• nagy = big

• nagyobb = bigger

• gyors = fast
• gyorsabb = faster

Not necessarily. Just like in English, Hungarian can use a comparative without stating the second thing explicitly if it is already understood from context.

So Ez jóval olcsóbb can mean:

• This is much cheaper
• This is much cheaper than that/than the other one

If you want to say than ... explicitly, Hungarian usually uses mint:

• Ez jóval olcsóbb, mint az. = This is much cheaper than that.

Ez means this.

It can stand by itself as a pronoun:

• Ez jóval olcsóbb. = This is much cheaper.

It can also appear before a noun:

• ez a kabát = this coat

So:

• ez = this (pronoun)
• ez a ... = this ... (before a noun)

Yes, Hungarian word order is flexible, but the basic neutral order here is very natural:

• Ez jóval olcsóbb.

This presents ez as the topic (this), then says something about it.

You may also hear different word orders for emphasis, but they can change the focus:

• Ez olcsóbb. = This is cheaper.
• Ez jóval olcsóbb. = This is much cheaper.

For a learner, Ez jóval olcsóbb is the safest and most natural version to use in a normal context.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Ez ≈ ez
• jóval ≈ yoh-vawl
• olcsóbb ≈ ol-chohbb

A few helpful notes:

• j in Hungarian sounds like English y in yes
• ó is a long o
• cs sounds like ch in church
• bb is pronounced as a long/doubled b

So approximately:

• Ez jóval olcsóbb ≈ ez yoh-vawl ol-chohbb

Yes. Sokkal olcsóbb is also very common and means almost the same thing: much cheaper.

Compare:

• jóval olcsóbb
• sokkal olcsóbb

Both are natural. In many contexts, they are interchangeable.

A learner will hear both, so it is good to recognize each of them. In this sentence, jóval simply happens to be the chosen intensifier.

Yes. Olcsóbb covers both English ideas:

• cheaper
• less expensive

Hungarian usually just uses the comparative adjective directly, rather than a separate structure like less expensive. So olcsóbb is the normal everyday word you would use.