Megvilágítjuk a férfit.

A useful breakdown is:

• meg- = a verbal prefix
• világít = shine / illuminate
• -juk = we with a definite object
• a = the
• férfit = man in the accusative case, so the man as the direct object

So the sentence is built roughly as:

• megvilágítjuk = we illuminate it / we will light it up
• a férfit = the man

The dictionary form of the verb is megvilágítani = to illuminate / to light up.

Because Hungarian often leaves the subject pronoun out when the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

Here, -juk tells you the subject is we. So:

• Megvilágítjuk a férfit. = We illuminate the man.

You could add mi for emphasis:

• Mi megvilágítjuk a férfit. = We illuminate the man.

But normally, the separate pronoun is unnecessary.

Because Hungarian verbs use different endings depending on whether the object is definite or indefinite.

Here the object is a férfit = the man, which is definite, so the verb uses the definite conjugation.

• megvilágítjuk = we illuminate the man / it
• compare: megvilágítunk egy férfit = we illuminate a man

So:

• -juk = 1st person plural definite
• -unk / -ünk would be the indefinite pattern in many verbs

This is one of the most important features of Hungarian grammar.

The prefix meg- often gives the verb a sense of completion, result, or bounded action.

Compare:

• világít = shines / gives light
• megvilágít = illuminates / lights up

So megvilágít is not just emitting light in general; it means directing light onto something so that it becomes illuminated.

In many contexts, meg- makes the action feel more complete or goal-directed.

Because férfit is the accusative form, used for the direct object.

• férfi = man
• férfit = man as the thing/person affected by the action

Since the man is what is being illuminated, Hungarian marks it with -t.

So:

• a férfi = the man as a subject or basic form
• a férfit = the man as a direct object

Because a is the Hungarian definite article, meaning the.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant
• az before a vowel

Since férfit begins with f, Hungarian uses a:

• a férfit = the man

This definiteness also affects the verb ending, which is why the verb is megvilágítjuk rather than an indefinite form.

Formally, the verb is in the present tense, but with a prefix like meg-, Hungarian often uses the present form to express a future completed action.

So depending on context, Megvilágítjuk a férfit can mean:

• We illuminate the man
• We will illuminate the man
• We will light up the man

A very common pattern in Hungarian is that a prefixed verb in the present tense sounds future-like when it refers to a single completed event.

Yes. Hungarian word order is flexible, and changes in order often show topic or focus, not just grammar.

The sentence:

• Megvilágítjuk a férfit.

is a straightforward version.

But other orders are possible, for example:

• A férfit megvilágítjuk.
  This can make the man the topic: As for the man, we will illuminate him.

If a word is strongly focused, the verbal prefix often moves away from the verb:

• A férfit világítjuk meg.
  This can mean something like It is the man that we illuminate.

So word order in Hungarian is not random, but it is much more flexible than in English.

A rough guide:

• meg = like meg in English, but with a clear g
• vi = vee
• lá = laa, with a long á
• gít = geet, with a long í
• juk = roughly yook
• a = short aw
• férfit = roughly fair-feet, but with a trilled or tapped r

A more approximate pronunciation could be written:

• meg-vee-LAA-ghee-tyook aw FAIR-feet

A few important sound notes:

• gy sounds somewhat like the d in British duke or a soft dy
• j sounds like English y
• á is longer and more open than plain a
• í is a long ee sound

The dictionary form is megvilágítani.

You can think of it like this:

• megvilágít = he/she/it illuminates
• megvilágítani = to illuminate

Hungarian dictionaries usually list verbs in the infinitive, which often ends in -ni.

So if you want to look this word up, search for:

• megvilágítani

You may also see the related verb:

• világítani = to shine / to give light