A tanács jó.

A is the definite article, usually equivalent to the in English.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant sound
• az before a vowel sound

So you get:

• a tanács = the advice / the council
• az alma = the apple

Because tanács starts with t, the correct form is a.

In Hungarian, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense, third person when the predicate is a noun or adjective.

So:

• A tanács jó. literally looks like The advice good.
• But it means The advice is good.

This is completely normal Hungarian.

The verb appears in other cases, for example:

• A tanács jó volt. = The advice was good.
• A tanács jó lesz. = The advice will be good.
• Én jó vagyok. = I am good.

Yes, very much. In Hungarian, accent marks are a real part of spelling, not optional decoration.

So:

• a and á are different vowels
• o and ó are different vowels

That means tanács and jó must be written with their accents. Leaving them out is a spelling mistake, and sometimes it can even change the word.

A rough guide is:

• a ≈ aw
• tanács ≈ TAH-naach
• jó ≈ yoh

A few useful details:

• cs is pronounced like ch in church
• á is a long vowel
• ó is also a long vowel
• Hungarian stress normally falls on the first syllable of the word

So tanács is stressed on ta-.

Because it is the subject of the sentence.

In Hungarian, the basic dictionary form of a noun is used for the subject. There is no extra ending needed here.

This sentence is simply:

• A tanács = the subject
• jó = the predicate adjective

If tanács were a direct object, it would usually take -t:

• Látom a tanácsot. = I see the council / I see the advice
  (depending on context)

But in A tanács jó, it is not an object, so there is no -t.

Tanács most commonly means advice or counsel. In some contexts, it can also mean council.

So the exact meaning depends on context. If your lesson already gave you the meaning, use that meaning here.

This kind of multiple meaning is normal in Hungarian, just as in English many words can mean different things in different situations.

Yes, you could also say Jó a tanács, but the nuance is a little different.

• A tanács jó. is a neutral statement: The advice is good.
• Jó a tanács. puts more attention on jó: The advice is good / The advice is good, actually

Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order. It often reflects topic and emphasis, not just grammar.

So the version you were given is the most neutral, straightforward one.

Not for gender, because Hungarian does not have grammatical gender like he/she/it noun classes.

So jó stays jó in the singular:

• A tanács jó.

With a plural subject, the predicate adjective is usually plural too:

• A tanácsok jók. = The pieces of advice are good / The councils are good

So there can be number agreement in this kind of sentence, but not gender agreement.

Usually no, not as a normal standalone sentence.

A tanács jó is the natural form here. Without the article, Tanács jó sounds incomplete or unnatural in ordinary Hungarian.

If you want to say A piece of advice is good, you would more naturally say:

• Egy tanács jó.

So the article matters, and Hungarian article use does not always match English article use exactly.