A pince nagyon nedves.

A is the Hungarian definite article, so it means the.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant sound
• az before a vowel sound

So:

• a pince = the cellar
• az ajtó = the door

Since pince starts with a consonant sound, Hungarian uses a.

In Hungarian, the verb to be is often omitted in the present tense, third person, when the predicate is a noun or an adjective.

So instead of saying something literally like The cellar is very damp, Hungarian says:

• A pince nagyon nedves.

This is completely normal.

But the verb does appear in other situations, for example:

• past tense: A pince nagyon nedves volt. = The cellar was very damp.
• future tense: A pince nagyon nedves lesz. = The cellar will be very damp.

Also, van is used in many location/existence sentences, for example:

• A pince a ház alatt van. = The cellar is under the house.

Nagyon means very.

It usually goes directly before the adjective or adverb it modifies:

• nagyon nedves = very damp
• nagyon hideg = very cold
• nagyon gyorsan = very quickly

So in this sentence, nagyon comes right before nedves because it intensifies that adjective.

Yes. A pince nagyon nedves. is a normal, neutral way to say it.

You can also say:

• Nagyon nedves a pince.

That version is also correct, but it gives a bit more emphasis to very damp. Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order, and it often changes emphasis rather than basic meaning.

A simple way to think about it:

• A pince nagyon nedves. = neutral statement
• Nagyon nedves a pince. = emphasis on how damp it is

Hungarian adjectives do not agree for gender, because Hungarian has no grammatical gender.

In this sentence, nedves stays in its basic form because the subject is singular:

• A pince nagyon nedves. = The cellar is very damp.

If the subject is plural and the adjective is used as the predicate, the adjective usually takes a plural ending:

• A pincék nagyon nedvesek. = The cellars are very damp.

But when the adjective comes directly before a noun, it usually does not take a plural ending:

• nedves pince = damp cellar
• nedves pincék = damp cellars

So Hungarian handles adjective forms differently from many Indo-European languages.

Here, pince is in its basic dictionary form, because it is the subject of the sentence.

So:

• a pince = the cellar

No extra ending is needed.

If you wanted to say in the cellar, Hungarian would add a case ending:

• a pincében = in the cellar

That -ben / -ban ending is very common in Hungarian and means in.

A rough English-friendly pronunciation is:

• a ≈ short o sound
• pince ≈ PIN-tseh
• nagyon ≈ NAW-dyon
• nedves ≈ NED-vesh

A few useful pronunciation points:

• c is pronounced like ts
• gy is a soft sound, roughly like dy
• s is pronounced sh
• stress is normally on the first syllable of each word in Hungarian

So the rhythm is roughly:

• A PIN-ce NAGY-on NED-ves

No. Hungarian does not have grammatical gender.

That means nouns are not masculine, feminine, or neuter, and adjectives do not change for gender either.

So pince is just pince. You do not need to learn it as masculine or feminine, and nedves does not change based on gender.

This is often a relief for English speakers.

In this sentence, nedves is best understood as damp or moist, not soaking wet.

So A pince nagyon nedves suggests a cellar that is humid, clammy, or slightly wet in an unpleasant way.

A related word is:

• vizes = wet

Very roughly:

• nedves = damp / moist
• vizes = wet

So if you are describing a cellar with moisture in the walls or air, nedves is a very natural choice.