Együtt edzünk a csapattársammal.

Word by word:

• együtt = together
• edzünk = we train / we work out
• a csapattársammal = with my teammate

So the whole sentence is literally something like Together we train with my teammate, but natural English is My teammate and I train together or We train together with my teammate.

Because the ending -ünk shows 1st person plural: we.

The verb is:

• edz = train / work out
• edz-ünk = we train

Hungarian usually does not need a separate subject pronoun like mi (we), because the verb ending already tells you who the subject is.

Hungarian often leaves subject pronouns out unless they are needed for emphasis or contrast.

So:

• Edzünk already means we train
• Mi edzünk would mean we train, but with extra emphasis, like we are the ones who train

That is why mi is not necessary in this sentence.

It has several parts:

• csapat = team
• társ = companion / partner
• csapattárs = teammate
• csapattársam = my teammate
• csapattársammal = with my teammate

The last part, -val / -vel, means with.

So structurally it is:

csapattárs + -am + -val → csapattársam + val → csapattársammal

This is because of a very common sound change in Hungarian.

The suffix is normally -val / -vel (with), but its v often assimilates to the final consonant of the word before it.

Here the word before the suffix is csapattársam, which ends in m. So:

• -val becomes -mal
• and the consonant is written doubled: mm

So:

• csapattársam + val
• becomes csapattársammal

This is completely regular in Hungarian.

Because Hungarian often uses the definite article even before a possessed noun phrase.

So:

• a csapattársam = my teammate
• a csapattársammal = with my teammate

To an English speaker this can feel like with the my teammate, but that is not how Hungarian works. The article is normal and idiomatic here.

In many situations, possessed nouns commonly appear with a / az.

Good question. The two parts do slightly different jobs:

• -val/-vel marks the companion: with my teammate
• együtt explicitly says the action is done together

So együtt adds the idea of joint action more clearly.

Without együtt, the sentence would still make sense:

• Edzünk a csapattársammal.

That still means We train with my teammate / My teammate and I train, but együtt makes the togetherness more explicit.

Hungarian often expresses this idea with:

• a 1st person plural verb (we train)
• plus a -val/-vel phrase naming the other person (with my teammate)

So Edzünk a csapattársammal very naturally means:

• My teammate and I train

This is a common Hungarian way to express X and I do something.

No. Hungarian word order is fairly flexible, and changing the order can change emphasis.

This version:

• Együtt edzünk a csapattársammal.

puts együtt in a noticeable position, so the idea of together stands out.

Other possible versions include:

• A csapattársammal együtt edzünk.
• Edzünk együtt a csapattársammal.

These are all possible, but they may sound slightly different in emphasis depending on the context.

Yes. In natural English, My teammate and I work out together is often the best translation.

Hungarian structure and English structure do not always match word for word. Even though Hungarian uses we train + with my teammate, the natural meaning is usually simply:

• My teammate and I train together
• My teammate and I work out together

So when translating, it is better to choose the most natural English phrasing rather than follow the Hungarian structure too literally.