A tempó nagyon gyors.

In Hungarian, a and az are the definite articles, so they mean the.

• a tempó = the tempo / the pace
• egy tempó would mean a tempo / a pace

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before most consonant sounds
• az before vowel sounds

So here, tempó starts with a consonant, so it takes a.

In Hungarian, the verb to be is often left out in the present tense, third person.

So:

• A tempó nagyon gyors. = The pace is very fast.

There is no written is, but the meaning is still complete and natural.

This happens with sentences like:

• A ház nagy. = The house is big.
• A leves forró. = The soup is hot.

But in other persons, Hungarian does use the verb:

• Gyors vagyok. = I am fast.
• Gyors vagy. = You are fast.

Nagyon means very.

It usually goes before the adjective or adverb it modifies:

• nagyon gyors = very fast
• nagyon jó = very good
• nagyon lassan = very slowly

So in A tempó nagyon gyors, the phrase nagyon gyors works together as very fast.

Because gyors is the predicate adjective here. It is describing the subject a tempó in a full sentence:

• A tempó nagyon gyors. = The pace is very fast.

This is different from an adjective directly attached to a noun inside a noun phrase:

• a gyors tempó = the fast pace

So compare:

• a gyors tempó = the fast pace
• A tempó gyors. = the pace is fast

That difference is very important in Hungarian.

No. In Hungarian, adjectives do not agree with nouns in gender, and Hungarian has no grammatical gender like he/she or masculine/feminine noun classes.

So gyors stays the same:

• a tempó gyors = the pace is fast
• az autó gyors = the car is fast
• a vonatok gyorsak = the trains are fast

The adjective only changes in some situations, such as when it is plural in predicate position:

• singular: A tempó gyors.
• plural: A tempók gyorsak.

So in your sentence, singular tempó takes singular gyors.

Yes. Nagyon gyors a tempó is also correct.

Both mean basically the same thing:

• A tempó nagyon gyors.
• Nagyon gyors a tempó.

The difference is mainly focus and emphasis.

• A tempó nagyon gyors. starts with the topic the pace, then says something about it.
• Nagyon gyors a tempó. puts more immediate emphasis on very fast.

Hungarian word order is often flexible, but the order affects what sounds most emphasized or most topical.

The accent marks in Hungarian show vowel length, and vowel length is important.

So:

• o and ó are different vowels
• tempó has a long final ó

This is not just stress marking. It is part of the spelling and pronunciation of the word.

In general:

• a / á
• e / é
• i / í
• o / ó
• ö / ő
• u / ú
• ü / ű

Long and short vowels can change meaning, so it is important to learn them carefully.

A rough guide for an English speaker:

• A ≈ short aw
• tempó ≈ TEHM-poh
• nagyon ≈ NOD-yon or NOJ-yon depending on how you approximate it
• gyors ≈ something like dyorsh

A few helpful notes:

• Hungarian stress is usually on the first syllable of each word:
  • TEM-pó
  • NA-gyon
  • GYORS
• gy is a special Hungarian sound, somewhat like a soft dy
• s in Hungarian is pronounced like English sh
• But in gyors, the ending is rs, so the whole word sounds closer to dyorsh

A fully exact pronunciation takes practice, but those approximations will help you get started.

It is a real and common Hungarian word, not only a music term.

It can mean:

• tempo
• pace
• speed/rate of progress

So depending on context, A tempó nagyon gyors could mean things like:

• the tempo is very fast
• the pace is very fast
• the rate is very fast

If the context is music, tempo is the natural interpretation. In everyday speech, pace is often more natural.

Normally, in a standard sentence like this, you would say A tempó nagyon gyors.

Leaving out the article would usually sound incomplete or unnatural in ordinary Hungarian unless there is a special context, such as:

• notes
• headlines
• labels
• very telegraphic style

So for normal learning purposes, use:

• A tempó nagyon gyors.

not:

• Tempó nagyon gyors.

The words are already in their basic forms here:

• a = the
• tempó = tempo, pace
• nagyon = very
• gyors = fast

There are no case endings on tempó in this sentence, and gyors is also in its basic singular form.

So this is a very useful beginner sentence because it shows a simple Hungarian pattern:

definite article + noun + intensifier + adjective

That pattern appears in many basic sentences.