यह कमरा साफ है, लेकिन रसोई गंदी है।

In this sentence, यह means this.

So यह कमरा = this room.

Hindi यह can sometimes also be translated as it in natural English, depending on context, but its basic meaning is this for something near the speaker.

A useful contrast is:

• यह = this
• वह = that

In everyday speech, यह is often pronounced more like ये, but in careful written Hindi, यह is standard.

Hindi normally does not use articles like English a, an, and the.

So:

• कमरा can mean a room or the room
• रसोई can mean a kitchen or the kitchen

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is why यह कमरा साफ है naturally means this room is clean, without needing a separate word for the.

Hindi usually places the main descriptive word before है.

So the pattern is:

• subject + adjective + है

Examples:

• कमरा साफ है = the room is clean
• रसोई गंदी है = the kitchen is dirty

This is the normal way to form sentences like X is clean, X is big, X is good, and so on.

Putting है earlier would sound unnatural in standard Hindi.

कमरा means room.

It is a masculine singular noun.

That matters because some Hindi adjectives change form to match the gender and number of the noun. In this sentence, कमरा is masculine singular.

This is a very common and important question.

Hindi adjectives are of two main types:

1. Variable adjectives: they change to agree with the noun
2. Invariable adjectives: they do not change

In this sentence:

• साफ = clean
  This is generally used as an invariable adjective, so it stays साफ whether the noun is masculine or feminine.

• गंदी comes from the adjective गंदा = dirty
  This is a variable adjective, so it changes form to match the noun.

Its forms are:

• गंदा for masculine singular
• गंदी for feminine singular
• गंदे for masculine plural, and also some other masculine contexts

Since रसोई is feminine, Hindi uses गंदी.

So:

• कमरा साफ है = room is clean
• रसोई गंदी है = kitchen is dirty

You usually learn the gender of a noun along with the noun itself.

In Hindi, noun gender is partly predictable, but not always. रसोई is a feminine noun, so adjectives that agree with it take feminine forms.

That is why we say:

• रसोई गंदी है

not

• रसोई गंदा है

A good habit for learners is to memorize new nouns with gender:

• कमरा — masculine
• रसोई — feminine

Each clause here has its own है because each clause makes a complete statement:

• यह कमरा साफ है
• लेकिन रसोई गंदी है

This is the standard and most natural written form.

In very casual speech, Hindi sometimes drops forms of to be when the meaning is obvious, but for learners, it is best to keep है in sentences like this.

Also, है is singular. If the subject were plural, you would usually use हैं instead.

For example:

• ये कमरे साफ हैं। = These rooms are clean.

लेकिन means but.

It connects two contrasting ideas:

• the room is clean
• the kitchen is dirty

In Hindi, लेकिन commonly comes between the two clauses, just like but in English:

• यह कमरा साफ है, लेकिन रसोई गंदी है।

You may also see other words for but, such as पर or मगर, especially in speech and informal writing.

Yes, but the meaning and structure are different.

In your sentence:

• कमरा साफ है = the room is clean

Here साफ is a predicate adjective. It describes the room through the verb है.

But:

• साफ कमरा = a clean room / the clean room

Here साफ directly modifies the noun. This is an attributive adjective.

So compare:

• यह कमरा साफ है। = This room is clean.
• यह साफ कमरा है। = This is a clean room.

Both are possible, but they mean slightly different things.

Yes, absolutely.

If the context already makes it clear which room you mean, you can say:

• कमरा साफ है, लेकिन रसोई गंदी है।

That means:

• The room is clean, but the kitchen is dirty.

Adding यह makes it specifically this room.

So:

• यह कमरा = this room
• कमरा = the room / a room, depending on context

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

• यह = yah
• कमरा = kam-raa
• साफ = saaf
• है = hai
• लेकिन = lay-kin
• रसोई = ra-so-ee
• गंदी = gun-dee
• है = hai

So the whole sentence sounds roughly like:

yah kam-raa saaf hai, lay-kin ra-so-ee gun-dee hai

A few notes:

• साफ has a long aa sound.
• रसोई has three clear vowel parts: ra-so-ee.
• गंदी has a nasal sound in गं. Learners often say gan-dee, but it is closer to gun-dee with nasalization.

That symbol, ।, is called the danda.

In traditional Hindi punctuation, it marks the end of a sentence, much like a period in English.

So:

• । = sentence-ending mark in Hindi

In modern informal typing, people sometimes use a regular period ., especially online, but । is the standard formal Hindi punctuation mark.

The main change would be है becoming हैं, and any variable adjectives would also need to agree properly.

For example:

• ये कमरे साफ हैं, लेकिन रसोइयाँ गंदी हैं।

That means:

• These rooms are clean, but the kitchens are dirty.

Notice:

• यह becomes ये for these
• कमरा becomes कमरे
• है becomes हैं
• गंदी stays feminine plural-looking in usage here, because feminine singular and plural direct forms are often the same for this adjective pattern

This helps show that the sentence you were given is singular throughout.