רשימת הליקויים כוללת את ליקוי הבנייה.

Because רשימת הליקויים is a construct phrase (called smikhut in Hebrew), meaning list of defects.

• רשימה = a list
• רשימת = list of ...

When a noun is followed by another noun to show possession or connection, the first noun often changes form:

• רשימה = a list
• רשימת הליקויים = the list of the defects

So רשימת is the construct form of רשימה.

In a construct phrase, the definiteness usually appears on the second noun, not the first.

So:

• רשימת ליקויים = a list of defects
• רשימת הליקויים = the list of the defects

Even though רשימת does not have ה־, the whole phrase רשימת הליקויים is definite because the second word is definite.

This is very common in Hebrew:

• ספר התלמיד = the student’s book
• דלת הבית = the door of the house

The subject is רשימת הליקויים, and the head noun there is רשימת / רשימה = list, which is feminine singular.

So the verb must agree with רשימה, not with ליקויים.

• רשימה = feminine singular
• therefore: כוללת = feminine singular includes

Even though ליקויים is plural, it is not the grammatical subject by itself. The subject is the whole phrase רשימת הליקויים, whose main noun is רשימה.

את marks a definite direct object.

In this sentence:

• כוללת = includes
• את ליקוי הבנייה = the construction defect / the defect in the construction

Hebrew often uses את before a direct object that is definite.

For example:

• אני רואה את הילד = I see the boy
• היא קוראת את הספר = She is reading the book

There is no real English translation for את. It is a grammar marker.

Hebrew usually prefers a construct phrase over using של when the relationship is close and noun-like.

So:

• ליקוי הבנייה = the construction defect / the defect of the construction

This is more compact and more natural in formal Hebrew than:

• הליקוי של הבנייה

The של version is possible in some contexts, but the construct form is usually better here.

Because ליקוי הבנייה is also a construct phrase.

In Hebrew construct phrases, the first noun often does not take ה־, even when the whole phrase is definite.

• ליקוי בנייה = a construction defect
• ליקוי הבנייה = the construction defect / the defect of the construction

The definiteness comes from הבנייה.

So the phrase is definite as a whole, which is why it can follow את, even though ליקוי itself has no ה־.

They are singular and plural forms of the same noun:

• ליקוי = defect / flaw
• ליקויים = defects / flaws

In the sentence:

• הליקויים = the defects
• ליקוי הבנייה = the construction defect

So the sentence uses both the plural and singular forms of the same word.

ליקוי is masculine.

You can tell from forms like:

• singular: ליקוי
• plural: ליקויים

That ־ים ending is the regular masculine plural ending.

Because here it means the construction or the building work, not just construction in a general sense.

Compare:

• ליקוי בנייה = a construction defect
• ליקוי הבנייה = the construction defect / the defect in the construction

Adding ה־ makes בנייה definite.

And because this is a construct phrase, that definiteness makes the entire phrase ליקוי הבנייה definite.

Usually בנייה means construction, building work, or the act/process of building.

In a phrase like ליקוי הבנייה, it usually refers to a defect connected with construction work, so English might translate it as:

• construction defect
• building defect
• defect in the construction

The best translation depends on context.

Yes. This is a very normal Hebrew word order:

• רשימת הליקויים = subject
• כוללת = verb
• את ליקוי הבנייה = object

So it follows a straightforward subject–verb–object pattern.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

reshimat ha-likuyim kolelet et likuy ha-bniya

A few notes:

• רשימת = re-shi-mat
• הליקויים = ha-li-ku-yim
• כוללת = ko-le-let
• ליקוי = li-kuy
• הבנייה = ha-bni-ya

The b sound in בנייה is heard because this ב has no dagesh in normal pronunciation.

Yes, but the meaning would change.

• רשימת הליקויים כוללת את ליקוי הבנייה = the list includes the construction defect / that specific construction defect
• רשימת הליקויים כוללת ליקוי בנייה = the list includes a construction defect

So removing את and the definiteness changes the object from definite to indefinite.

It sounds fairly formal or administrative, the kind of Hebrew you might see in:

• inspection reports
• legal documents
• engineering texts
• municipal paperwork
• insurance or property documents

Words like ליקוי, רשימת, and the compact construct phrases give it a more formal tone than everyday casual speech.