החריגה מהתקציב שינתה את היקף העבודה.

Because the subject, החריגה, is a feminine singular noun.

In Hebrew, past-tense verbs agree with the subject in gender and number:

• שינה = he changed
• שינתה = she changed / it changed for a feminine noun

So:

• החריגה שינתה = the overrun/deviation changed

Even though English uses it, Hebrew still treats the noun grammatically as feminine.

החריגה comes from the root ח־ר־ג, which has the idea of going beyond, deviating, or exceeding.

In this sentence, חריגה most naturally means:

• an overrun
• an excess
• a deviation

So החריגה מהתקציב is something like:

• the budget overrun
• literally, the deviation/exceeding from the budget

In business or project contexts, this is a very natural way to talk about spending more than planned.

The prefix ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, equivalent to the.

So:

• חריגה = an overrun / a deviation
• החריגה = the overrun / the deviation

Since the sentence refers to a specific overrun, Hebrew uses ה־.

מהתקציב is made of:

• מ־ = from
• התקציב = the budget

Together:

• מן התקציב → מהתקציב
• meaning from the budget

This contraction is very common in Hebrew.

So:

• חריגה מהתקציב = literally a deviation from the budget
• idiomatically a budget overrun

Because languages package ideas differently.

Hebrew often uses a phrase that is literally deviation/exceeding from the budget, while English usually prefers a fixed expression like:

• budget overrun
• going over budget

So the Hebrew is structurally literal, but the best English translation is often more idiomatic.

את marks a definite direct object. It usually is not translated into English.

Here:

• שינתה = changed
• את היקף העבודה = the scope of the work

So את is there because היקף העבודה is a definite object.

A useful rule:

• use את before a direct object when it is definite
• do not use את before an indefinite direct object

For example:

• שיניתי את התוכנית = I changed the plan
• שיניתי תוכנית = I changed a plan

Because Hebrew often uses the construct chain (called סמיכות) instead of של.

So:

• היקף העבודה = the scope of the work
• more literally, scope-of the-work

This is very common in formal or neutral Hebrew.

You could also say:

• ההיקף של העבודה

That is understandable, but היקף העבודה is more compact and often more natural in this kind of sentence.

Because in a construct chain, the first noun usually does not take the article.

So:

• היקף העבודה

means the scope of the work, even though היקף itself does not have ה־.

The definiteness comes from the second noun:

• העבודה = the work

Since the second noun is definite, the whole phrase is definite.

This is a very important Hebrew pattern:

• ספר התלמיד = the student’s book / the book of the student
• דלת הבית = the door of the house = the house door

היקף means scope, extent, or scale.

In this sentence, היקף העבודה most likely means:

• the amount of work involved
• the overall scope of the project/work
• how broad or large the work became

So the sentence suggests that the budget overrun caused a change in how much work was included, or how large the project scope was.

Yes, this word order is completely normal.

Hebrew can use both:

• subject + verb + object
• verb + subject + object

Here we have:

• החריגה מהתקציב שינתה את היקף העבודה
• The budget overrun changed the scope of the work

Starting with the subject is very natural, especially in written or formal contexts. It puts emphasis on the overrun as the topic.

A verb-first version is also possible in some contexts, but this sentence as written is perfectly standard.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

ha-khariGA meha-takTSIV shinTA et heKEF ha-avoDA

Approximate stress:

• החריגה → kha-ri-GA
• מהתקציב → me-ha-tak-TSIV
• שינתה → shin-TA
• היקף → he-KEF
• העבודה → ha-a-vo-DA

If you want to sound natural, pay special attention to the final stress in most of these words.

Yes, depending on context.

עבודה literally means work, but in business, technical, and organizational contexts it can also refer to:

• the work being done
• the task
• the project work
• the job scope

So היקף העבודה could be understood as:

• the scope of the work
• the scope of the project
• the amount of work involved

The exact English wording depends on the broader context.