המסמך מוכיח את התשלום.

המסמך means the document.

The prefix ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, equivalent to English the.
So:

• מסמך = a document / document
• המסמך = the document

In this sentence, the noun is definite, so Hebrew marks that directly on the word with ה־.

מוכיח means proves or is proving, depending on context.

It is the masculine singular present tense form of the verb להוכיח (to prove). In this sentence, it agrees with המסמך, which is a masculine singular noun.

So:

• להוכיח = to prove
• מוכיח = proves / proving

In a simple statement like this, English usually translates it as proves.

In Hebrew, present-tense sentences normally do not use a separate word for is / am / are the way English does.

Also, the verb itself already appears in the present tense:

• מוכיח = proves / is proving

So Hebrew does not need another word like is here.

את marks a definite direct object.

In this sentence:

• המסמך = the subject
• מוכיח = the verb
• את התשלום = the direct object

Hebrew uses את before a direct object when that object is definite, such as with the.

So:

• תשלום = payment
• התשלום = the payment
• את התשלום = the payment, marked as the direct object

Important: את usually is not translated into English. It is a grammatical marker, not a word with its own meaning here.

התשלום means the payment.

Like המסמך, it begins with ה־, the definite article:

• תשלום = payment
• התשלום = the payment

Since the sentence is talking about a specific payment, Hebrew makes it definite.

Because המסמך is a masculine singular noun, the present-tense verb form must match it.

Hebrew present-tense verb forms agree with the subject in gender and number. So:

• masculine singular: מוכיח
• feminine singular: מוכיחה
• masculine plural: מוכיחים
• feminine plural: מוכיחות

Since מסמך is masculine singular, מוכיח is the correct form.

A common pronunciation would be:

ha-mis-MAKH mo-KHI-akh et ha-tash-LUM

Approximate breakdown:

• המסמך = ha-mis-MAKH
• מוכיח = mo-KHI-akh
• את = et
• התשלום = ha-tash-LUM

Notes:

• kh represents the Hebrew sound of ח or כ without dagesh, like the ch in German Bach or Scottish loch.
• Stress is usually on the last syllable here: misMAKH, tashLUM.

It is normal Hebrew word order.

The sentence follows a very common pattern:

subject + verb + את + object

So here:

• המסמך = subject
• מוכיח = verb
• את התשלום = object

This is a straightforward and natural way to say it.

Not in standard Hebrew, if you keep התשלום definite.

Because התשלום is a definite direct object, את is normally required:

• correct: המסמך מוכיח את התשלום
• not standard: המסמך מוכיח התשלום

If the object were indefinite, את would usually disappear:

• המסמך מוכיח תשלום = the document proves a payment / payment
  (though this version may sound less natural depending on context)

The root is י־כ־ח.

The verb להוכיח belongs to the הפעיל pattern, and מוכיח is its present-tense masculine singular form.

For a learner, the important practical point is:

• dictionary form: להוכיח
• present masculine singular: מוכיח

You do not need to master all root-and-pattern details right away, but recognizing them helps you connect related forms.

If you want to compare tenses:

• המסמך הוכיח את התשלום = The document proved the payment
• המסמך יוכיח את התשלום = The document will prove the payment

So in your original sentence:

• מוכיח = present
• הוכיח = past
• יוכיח = future

This is a useful contrast, because English learners often want to know how Hebrew marks tense directly on the verb.

Its basic meaning is the payment, but in real-life usage it can sometimes refer more broadly to payment, the act of paying, or the paid amount, depending on context.

In a sentence like this, English usually translates it as the payment.
For example, the idea may be that the document serves as proof that a payment was made.

So the exact nuance depends on context, but the payment is the safest basic translation.

Yes, Hebrew can express the same general idea in different ways.

Your sentence is very compact and formal:

• המסמך מוכיח את התשלום
  = The document proves the payment

Another possible structure is:

• המסמך מוכיח ששילמו
  = The document proves that payment was made / that they paid

The original sentence is concise and noun-based, which is common in formal or administrative Hebrew.