Uwa ta sa kankara a cikin ruwa domin ya yi sanyi sosai.

Mother put ice in the water so that it became very cold.

Breakdown of Uwa ta sa kankara a cikin ruwa domin ya yi sanyi sosai.

• ruwa: the water
• sosai: very
• yi: to do
• sanyi: cold

Questions & Answers about Uwa ta sa kankara a cikin ruwa domin ya yi sanyi sosai.

Why is there a ta after Uwa in Uwa ta sa?

In Hausa, it is very normal to have a subject noun and a subject marker together.

So Uwa ta sa is literally something like Mother she put.

Here, ta is the 3rd person singular feminine subject marker, agreeing with Uwa (mother), and it marks the verb phrase. English does not usually do this, so it can feel repetitive to an English speaker, but in Hausa it is standard.

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What does sa mean here? Is it the same as saka?

Here sa means put / place.

So ta sa kankara a cikin ruwa means she put ice in the water.

Many learners also meet the form saka. In many contexts, sa is the common shorter form you will hear and read. In this sentence, the meaning is clearly put.

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What does a cikin ruwa mean exactly?

a cikin ruwa means in the water.

It is made up of:

• a = in / at
• ciki = inside / interior
• -n = a linking element
• ruwa = water

So literally it is close to in the inside of water, but the natural English meaning is simply in the water.

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Why is there no word for or before and ?