Na duba gilashin gaba da tayar ajiya.

Na marks first-person singular with a completed action. In natural English, it often corresponds to I ...-ed or I have ...-ed, depending on context.

So in this sentence, Na duba ... means I checked / I looked at ...

A useful point for learners: Hausa does not always match English tense names exactly. Na is commonly used for an action seen as completed.

Duba is a common verb meaning to look at, to examine, or to check.
In this sentence, check is the most natural translation because the objects are things on a vehicle.

So:

• duba = look at / inspect / check

The exact English choice depends on context.

Hausa usually follows Subject + Verb + Object order.

Here the structure is:

• Na = I
• duba = checked
• gilashin gaba da tayar ajiya = the windshield and the spare tire

So the order is very normal Hausa word order: I + checked + object

This is a very common Hausa pattern. Gilashi means glass, but when it is linked to another word in a phrase like glass of the front or front glass, it changes form to gilashin.

So:

• gilashi = glass
• gilashin gaba = front glass / windshield

This -n is part of a linking or construct form used when one noun is connected to another noun.

A rough literal idea is:

• gilashin gaba = glass of front

But in natural English, that becomes windshield or front windshield depending on context.

Gaba basically means front or forward.

In this sentence, it specifies which glass is meant:

• gilashin gaba = the front glass = the windshield

You may also see gaba in other expressions involving front, ahead, or forward.

This is the same kind of linking pattern as in gilashin gaba, but with a different form.

The basic noun is:

• taya = tire

When it is linked to another noun, it can appear as:

• tayar ...

So:

• tayar ajiya = storage/reserve tire = spare tire

A useful learner shortcut is:

• some nouns take a linking -n
• some take -r

You often just learn these forms as part of common noun phrases.

Ajiya means storage, reserve, or something kept aside.

So:

• tayar ajiya literally means something like reserve tire or stored tire
• natural English: spare tire

This is a nice example of how Hausa often builds everyday meanings from very transparent noun combinations.

Here, da means and.

So the sentence is listing two things that were checked:

• gilashin gaba = windshield
• tayar ajiya = spare tire

So:

• gilashin gaba da tayar ajiya = the windshield and the spare tire

Important note: da can also mean with in other contexts. Hausa learners often notice that one word can have both meanings, so context matters.

Hausa does not use the in the same way English does. Very often, definiteness is understood from context rather than marked with a separate article.

So even though English says:

• the windshield
• the spare tire

Hausa can simply say:

• gilashin gaba
• tayar ajiya

without a separate word meaning the.

Usually it will be understood as a completed action, which in many contexts is translated as a simple past:

• I checked ...

But depending on the situation, it could also be understood more like:

• I have checked ...

So it is better to think of Na here as marking completion, not just a one-to-one English past tense.

Yes, that would still be grammatical. It would mean the same basic thing, just with the order of the checked items reversed.

So both of these are possible:

• Na duba gilashin gaba da tayar ajiya.
• Na duba tayar ajiya da gilashin gaba.

The difference is mainly which item is mentioned first, not a change in core meaning.

Not exactly. They are better understood as noun-noun combinations or construct phrases, not simple adjective phrases.

For example:

• gaba is a noun/adverb-like word meaning front
• ajiya is a noun meaning storage/reserve

So these phrases are literally built more like:

• glass of front
• tire of reserve

In English, we often translate them as if they were adjective + noun combinations:

• front glass / windshield
• spare tire

That is a very common pattern in Hausa vocabulary.