Yi juyawa muddin ka duba madubin baya kuma ka kunna sigina.

Hausa often expresses actions with yi + verbal noun.

• yi = do / make
• juyawa = turning

So yi juyawa literally looks like do a turning, but naturally it means turn or make a turn.

A simple verb form like juya also exists, but yi juyawa is a very normal Hausa way to express the action.

muddin introduces a condition. In English, it can mean:

• provided that
• as long as
• only if

So in this sentence, it tells you that the turning should happen only on that condition: after or provided that you check the rear-view mirror and use the signal.

Here ka is the marker for you addressing one male person in this kind of clause.

So:

• ka duba = you check / you should check
• ka kunna = you switch on / you should switch on

They are part of the condition introduced by muddin, not separate stand-alone commands.

If the speaker were talking to a woman, you would normally get ki instead:

• ki duba
• ki kunna

If speaking to more than one person, you would use ku.

It literally means something like mirror of the back.

Breakdown:

• madubi = mirror
• madubin = mirror-of or the linked form of madubi
• baya = back / rear

So madubin baya is the normal way to say rear-view mirror.

This is because Hausa changes many nouns when they are linked to another noun.

So:

• madubi = mirror
• madubin baya = rear mirror / mirror of the back

That -n is a linker showing that madubi is connected to the following word. English learners often think of this as similar to of or a noun-noun compound.

In Hausa, possession is often left unstated when it is obvious from context.

In a driving instruction, madubin baya naturally means the rear-view mirror or your rear-view mirror, because the listener already knows which mirror is meant.

Hausa does not always need to say your when English would.

kuma means and.

It connects the two actions:

• ka duba madubin baya = you check the rear-view mirror
• ka kunna sigina = you switch on the signal

So kuma simply joins them: check the rear-view mirror and switch on the signal.

sigina is a loanword, ultimately from English signal.

In driving context, sigina means the turn signal / indicator.

So:

• kunna sigina = switch on the signal
• more naturally in English: use your indicator / turn signal

Yes. Even though muddin literally expresses a condition, the practical meaning is that you should do those things first or at least make sure they are done before turning.

So the order understood is:

1. check the rear-view mirror
2. turn on the signal
3. make the turn

That is why muddin works well here: it makes those actions prerequisites for the turn.

The main thing that changes is the pronoun-like marker:

• to one man: ka
• to one woman: ki
• to more than one person: ku

So you could get:

• Yi juyawa muddin ki duba madubin baya kuma ki kunna sigina.
• Ku yi juyawa muddin ku duba madubin baya kuma ku kunna sigina.

That is a very common pattern in Hausa, so learners often need to pay attention to these small subject markers.