Η φίλη μου περιμένει τον κούριερ στην είσοδο της πολυκατοικίας.

In Greek, short possessive words like μου (my), σου (your), του/της (his/her) usually come after the noun:

• η φίλη μου = my friend
• το σπίτι μου = my house

So Greek often says something closer to the friend my than to English my friend. This is completely normal.

Because φίλη is the feminine form, meaning a female friend.

• η φίλη = female friend
• ο φίλος = male friend

The article changes too:

• η = feminine singular
• ο = masculine singular

So Η φίλη μου tells you the friend is female.

Because τον κούριερ is the direct object of the verb περιμένει.

The verb περιμένω takes an object in the accusative case:

• ο κούριερ = the courier (subject / nominative)
• τον κούριερ = the courier (object / accusative)

So in this sentence, the friend is doing the waiting, and the courier is the person being waited for.

Κούριερ is a borrowed word, and in everyday Greek it often stays the same in form. The article shows the case:

• ο κούριερ
• τον κούριερ
• του κούριερ

So even if the noun itself does not change much, Greek still makes the grammar clear through the article.

It can mean either one, depending on context.

Greek present tense often covers both:

• she waits
• she is waiting

So Η φίλη μου περιμένει... can mean either a general present or an action happening right now. Context tells you which one is meant.

Also, περιμένει is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• from περιμένω = to wait

Στην is the usual contracted form of σε την.

• σε = in / at / to
• την = the (feminine accusative)

Together:

• σε την είσοδο → στην είσοδο

This contraction is very common in Greek:

• στον = σε τον
• στο = σε το
• στη / στην = σε τη(ν)

So στην είσοδο means at the entrance or to the entrance, depending on context.

The basic dictionary form is η είσοδος = entrance.

After σε / στην, Greek uses the accusative:

• η είσοδος = nominative
• την είσοδο = accusative

So:

• στην είσοδο = at/in/to the entrance

This is a common pattern with many feminine nouns ending in -ος.

Because Greek uses the genitive case to mean of the apartment building.

So:

• η πολυκατοικία = the apartment building
• της πολυκατοικίας = of the apartment building

In the sentence, this phrase depends on είσοδο:

• η είσοδος της πολυκατοικίας = the entrance of the apartment building

So της πολυκατοικίας tells you which entrance.

Πολυκατοικία usually means an apartment building or block of flats, especially the kind of multi-storey residential building common in Greece.

It is more specific than just building. It suggests a building with multiple apartments, not just any structure.

Greek uses the definite article much more often than English.

In this sentence you have:

• Η φίλη μου
• τον κούριερ
• στην είσοδο
• της πολυκατοικίας

English often drops articles where Greek keeps them, especially with possessives:

• Greek: η φίλη μου
• English: my friend
  not usually the my friend

So the extra articles are normal Greek usage.

Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

This sentence has a very natural neutral order:

• Η φίλη μου περιμένει τον κούριερ στην είσοδο της πολυκατοικίας.

But Greek could move parts around for emphasis:

• Η φίλη μου περιμένει στην είσοδο της πολυκατοικίας τον κούριερ.
• Τον κούριερ περιμένει η φίλη μου στην είσοδο της πολυκατοικίας.

The basic meaning stays the same, but the emphasis changes. Greek case marking helps make this possible.

Quite a lot. The articles show gender, number, and case:

• Η = feminine singular nominative
• τον = masculine singular accusative
• στην = σε + την, feminine singular accusative
• της = feminine singular genitive

So even before looking at all the noun endings, these little words already tell you who is the subject, who is the object, and what phrase means of the apartment building.