Η έρευνα για το πρόγραμμα αρχίζει τη Δευτέρα.

Greek usually uses the definite article much more often than English does. So Η έρευνα literally means the research or the investigation, and that sounds perfectly natural in Greek.

In English, we might sometimes say just Research on the program begins Monday, but Greek normally prefers the article here.

Also, η is the feminine singular nominative article, because έρευνα is a feminine noun.

Έρευνα is a feminine noun.

In this sentence, you can tell because it takes the feminine article η:

• η έρευνα = the research / the investigation

Many Greek nouns ending in -α are feminine, although that is not a universal rule. So the article is often your clearest clue.

Πρόγραμμα is a neuter noun, so it uses the neuter article το:

• το πρόγραμμα = the program

A lot of Greek neuter nouns end in -μα, and πρόγραμμα is one of them.

So:

• η έρευνα = feminine
• το πρόγραμμα = neuter

Here για means something like for, about, or concerning, depending on context.

So η έρευνα για το πρόγραμμα means:

• the research about the program
• the investigation concerning the program
• sometimes the research for the program, depending on the intended meaning

The exact English translation depends on context, but grammatically για is the preposition linking έρευνα to το πρόγραμμα.

Greek often uses the present tense to talk about scheduled future events, just as English can.

So:

• Η έρευνα αρχίζει τη Δευτέρα = The research begins on Monday

This is similar to English sentences like:

• School starts Monday
• The meeting begins tomorrow

So even though αρχίζει is formally present tense, it can naturally refer to a future event when the time is clearly given.

Because the subject is singular:

• Η έρευνα = the research / the investigation

So the verb must also be singular:

• αρχίζει = it begins

If the subject were plural, then you would use αρχίζουν:

• Οι έρευνες αρχίζουν τη Δευτέρα = The investigations begin on Monday

Τη Δευτέρα is in the accusative case, which Greek often uses for expressions of time such as on Monday.

So:

• τη Δευτέρα = on Monday

This is very common in Greek:

• τη Δευτέρα = on Monday
• την Τρίτη = on Tuesday
• την Παρασκευή = on Friday

The article changes with the case, and here the accusative article is used.

This is a very common learner question.

The full accusative feminine singular article is την, but in modern Greek the final -ν is often dropped before certain consonants. Since Δευτέρα begins with Δ, it is very common to say and write:

• τη Δευτέρα

You may also sometimes see την kept in more careful or formal writing styles, but τη Δευτέρα is completely normal and standard.

A simple way to think about it is:

• before some sounds, Greek often drops the final -ν
• Δευτέρα is one of the cases where dropping it is normal

Greek usually does not need a separate word equivalent to English on in time expressions like this.

Instead, Greek uses the article plus the accusative:

• τη Δευτέρα = on Monday

So English uses a preposition:

• on Monday

But Greek expresses the same idea through case and article:

• τη Δευτέρα

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral, straightforward order here is:

• Η έρευνα για το πρόγραμμα αρχίζει τη Δευτέρα.

But Greek can move parts around for emphasis, for example:

• Τη Δευτέρα αρχίζει η έρευνα για το πρόγραμμα.
  • emphasis on Monday
• Αρχίζει τη Δευτέρα η έρευνα για το πρόγραμμα.
  • slightly more focus on the fact that it begins

The original sentence is natural and neutral.

It is pronounced roughly like ar-hee-ZEE.

A few helpful notes:

• χ here sounds like a harsh h or the ch in Scottish loch
• the stress is on the last syllable: -ζί-
• ει is pronounced like ee

So:

• αρχίζει ≈ ar-hee-ZEE

It can mean either, depending on context.

Έρευνα is a broad word and can refer to:

• research in an academic or professional sense
• investigation in a more general sense
• survey/inquiry in some contexts

So in this sentence, the exact English word depends on the situation. Grammatically, though, the Greek structure stays the same.

The accent marks show which syllable is stressed in pronunciation.

For example:

• έρευνα → stress on έ
• πρόγραμμα → stress on πρό
• αρχίζει → stress on ζί

Stress matters in Greek, and the written accent helps you pronounce the word correctly. Unlike in English, Greek spelling normally tells you where the stress goes.