Ο άντρας με το μικρό μουστάκι δουλεύει στο φαρμακείο.

Ο is the definite article for a masculine singular noun in the nominative case. Here it goes with άντρας, so ο άντρας means the man.

Greek articles change for:

• gender: masculine, feminine, neuter
• number: singular, plural
• case: nominative, accusative, genitive, etc.

So ο tells you that άντρας is:

• masculine
• singular
• the subject of the sentence

Both forms exist, but άντρας is the common modern spoken form.
Άνδρας is also correct, but it can sound a bit more formal or careful in some contexts.

So for everyday Greek, ο άντρας is very natural.

Με here means with.

So:

• ο άντρας = the man
• με το μικρό μουστάκι = with the small mustache

This phrase describes the man.

Be careful: με can also mean by in some contexts, but in this sentence it clearly means with.

After the preposition με, Greek normally uses the accusative case.
So:

• το = accusative/neuter singular article
• μικρό = neuter singular adjective form
• μουστάκι = neuter singular noun

That whole phrase is in the form required by με.

In this sentence, the accusative looks the same as the nominative because μουστάκι is a neuter noun.

Because μικρό has to agree with μουστάκι.

Μουστάκι is:

• neuter
• singular

So the adjective must also be:

• neuter
• singular

That is why we get:

• masculine: μικρός
• feminine: μικρή
• neuter: μικρό

Here: το μικρό μουστάκι = the small mustache

Good question. Μουστάκι does mean mustache, but the ending -άκι is often a diminutive ending in Greek.

Historically or structurally, it can suggest something small or cute/little. However, in modern everyday Greek, μουστάκι is simply the normal word for mustache.

So in this sentence:

• το μικρό μουστάκι naturally means the small mustache

It is not strange or repetitive, even though μουστάκι contains a diminutive-looking ending.

Δουλεύει means he works, she works, or it works, depending on context.

Greek verbs usually do not need a separate subject pronoun, because the verb ending already gives that information.

Here the subject is ο άντρας, so δουλεύει means:

• the man works

This is the 3rd person singular present tense of δουλεύω = to work.

A few forms:

• δουλεύω = I work
• δουλεύεις = you work
• δουλεύει = he/she/it works
• δουλεύουμε = we work
• δουλεύετε = you all work
• δουλεύουν / δουλεύουνε = they work

Because Greek is a language that often drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.

In English, you must say:

• He works

In Greek, the verb ending already shows the person:

• δουλεύει = he/she works

Since the subject ο άντρας is already present, adding αυτός would usually be unnecessary unless you want emphasis.

So:

• Ο άντρας δουλεύει = The man works
• Ο άντρας αυτός δουλεύει could sound more emphatic, like this man works or he is the one who works

Στο φαρμακείο means at the pharmacy or in the pharmacy.

It is a contraction of:

• σε = in, at, to
• το = the

So:

• σε το φαρμακείο becomes στο φαρμακείο

This contraction is very common in Greek.

Other similar contractions:

• σε + τον = στον
• σε + τη(ν) = στη(ν)
• σε + τα = στα

The Greek preposition σε covers several meanings that English often separates into different prepositions such as in, at, and to.

So στο φαρμακείο can mean:

• at the pharmacy
• in the pharmacy
• sometimes to the pharmacy, depending on the verb and context

Here, because the verb is δουλεύει (works), the meaning is clearly:

• works at/in the pharmacy

This is very normal in Greek.

Because it describes the noun άντρας.

So the structure is:

• Ο άντρας = the man
• με το μικρό μουστάκι = with the small mustache
• δουλεύει στο φαρμακείο = works at the pharmacy

Together:

• The man with the small mustache works at the pharmacy.

Greek often places descriptive prepositional phrases like this right after the noun they modify.

Yes, Greek word order is more flexible than English word order, although the original sentence is very natural.

Original:

• Ο άντρας με το μικρό μουστάκι δουλεύει στο φαρμακείο.

You might also hear:

• Στο φαρμακείο δουλεύει ο άντρας με το μικρό μουστάκι.
  • This gives more emphasis to where he works.

But the original order is the most straightforward and neutral for a learner.

Φαρμακείο means pharmacy as a place/business/shop.

So:

• στο φαρμακείο = at the pharmacy / in the pharmacy

The person, a pharmacist, is:

• φαρμακοποιός

So the sentence does not mean that the man is necessarily a pharmacist. It just says he works at the pharmacy.

He could be the pharmacist, the owner, an assistant, etc.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

O ÁN-dras me to mi-KRÓ moo-STÁ-ki dhoo-LEV-i sto far-ma-KEE-o

A few notes:

• Ο sounds like o in more (shorter)
• άντρας has the stress on the first syllable: ÁN-
• μικρό has stress on the last syllable: -KRÓ
• δουλεύει has stress on -LEV-
• φαρμακείο has stress on -KEE-

Also:

• δου in δουλεύει sounds like thoo/dhoo, with Greek δ pronounced like th in this
• χ does not appear here, but if it did, it would not sound like English ch

The accent marks show which syllable is stressed.

For example:

• άντρας → stress on άν
• μικρό → stress on ρό
• δουλεύει → stress on λεύ
• φαρμακείο → stress on κεί

Stress matters in Greek pronunciation, so learners should pay close attention to these marks.

Yes. The full subject is:

• Ο άντρας με το μικρό μουστάκι

The main noun is άντρας, and the phrase με το μικρό μουστάκι gives extra information about which man.

Then the predicate is:

• δουλεύει στο φαρμακείο

So the sentence breaks down like this:

• Subject: Ο άντρας με το μικρό μουστάκι
• Verb: δουλεύει
• Place expression: στο φαρμακείο

In this sentence, no. It is naturally understood as a phrase describing the man: the man with the small mustache.

Greek often uses με + noun phrase to describe someone's features or possessions, for example:

• η γυναίκα με τα γυαλιά = the woman with the glasses
• το παιδί με το κόκκινο καπέλο = the child with the red hat

So here it is simply a descriptive phrase attached to ο άντρας.