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Questions & Answers about Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο;
Is that semicolon at the end really the question mark in Greek?
Yes. In Greek, the character that looks like an English semicolon (;) functions as the question mark. The Greek “semicolon” is a raised dot (·), called άνω τελεία.
Why do we use the article Το here?
Greek uses the definite article much more than English. Το φαγητό refers to “the meal/the food (we’re talking about right now).” Leaving the article out (just φαγητό) would sound odd here or overly generic.
What gender is φαγητό, and why does έτοιμο end in -ο?
Φαγητό is neuter singular, so the adjective must agree in gender, number, and case: έτοιμο (neuter singular nominative). Compare:
- Ο καφές είναι έτοιμος; (masculine)
- Η σούπα είναι έτοιμη; (feminine)
- Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο; (neuter)
What is είναι exactly?
It’s the present tense of “to be” (είμαι), form used for both third person singular and plural.
- εγώ είμαι
- εσύ είσαι
- αυτός/αυτή/αυτό είναι
- εμείς είμαστε
- εσείς είστε/είσαστε
- αυτοί/αυτές/αυτά είναι
How are yes/no questions formed in Greek? Do I need inversion or a helper like “do”?
No inversion or helper is needed. Word order stays the same as a statement; punctuation and rising intonation make it a question:
- Statement: Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο.
- Question: Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο;
Can I change the word order?
Yes. Greek word order is flexible. You’ll often hear:
- Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο; (neutral)
- Είναι έτοιμο το φαγητό; (slight focus on “ready”) Both are natural.
How do I pronounce the sentence?
- Το = [to]
- φαγητό = [faʝiˈto] (γ before η sounds like a soft “y”-ish sound [ʝ]; stress on the last syllable)
- είναι = [ˈine] (ει = [i]; stress on the first syllable)
- έτοιμο = [ˈetimo] (οι = [i]; stress on the first syllable) Approximate: to fa-yee-TOH EE-ne EH-tee-mo?
How do I say “Yes, it’s ready” or “No, it’s not ready (yet)”?
- Ναι, είναι έτοιμο.
- Όχι, δεν είναι έτοιμο (ακόμα).
How do I make it negative?
Put δεν before the verb:
- Το φαγητό δεν είναι έτοιμο.
Can I drop είναι the way people sometimes do in headlines?
In everyday neutral speech, keep είναι. You might see or hear clipped forms like Το φαγητό έτοιμο; in headlines, notes, or very casual speech, but they’re stylistic and not the default.
How can I make the question softer or more polite?
Add μήπως (“by any chance”):
- Μήπως το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο; You can also use a tentative phrasing:
- Λέτε να είναι έτοιμο το φαγητό;
Is there a difference between φαγητό and φαΐ?
Both mean “food/meal.” Φαγητό is neutral and common; φαΐ is more colloquial. The sentence works with either:
- Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο;
- Το φαΐ είναι έτοιμο;
How would I ask specifically about dinner or lunch?
- Dinner: Το δείπνο είναι έτοιμο;
- Lunch: Το μεσημεριανό (φαγητό) είναι έτοιμο;
What do the accent marks tell me here?
The tonos (´) marks the stressed syllable:
- φαγητό (stress on -τό)
- είναι (stress on εί-; the accent appears on the second letter of the digraph)
- έτοιμο (stress on έ-) In all-caps, accents are often omitted: ΤΟ ΦΑΓΗΤΟ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΕΤΟΙΜΟ;
Why is η in φαγητό pronounced like “ee”?
In Modern Greek, several spellings represent the sound ι, υ, ει, οι, υι. Here η in φαγητό is pronounced [i].
Are both the subject and the adjective in the nominative with “to be”?
Yes. With είναι, the subject (το φαγητό, nominative) and the predicate adjective (έτοιμο, nominative) agree in gender and number:
- Singular neuter: Το φαγητό είναι έτοιμο.
- Plural neuter: Τα φαγητά είναι έτοιμα;