Το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης δείχνει την ενεργειακή κατηγορία.

Breakdown of Το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης δείχνει την ενεργειακή κατηγορία.

δείχνω
to show
το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης
the Energy Performance Certificate
η ενεργειακή κατηγορία
the energy class

Questions & Answers about Το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης δείχνει την ενεργειακή κατηγορία.

How do I pronounce this sentence?

A natural pronunciation is roughly:

To pistopoiitikó energeiakís apódosis díchnei tin energeiakí katigoría.

A few tips:

  • Greek stress matters, so pay attention to the accented syllables: -kó, -kís, -dó-, dí-, -kí, -rí-
  • δ in δείχνει sounds like th in this
  • χ in δείχνει is a rough sound, like the ch in German Bach or Scottish loch
Why does the sentence begin with Το?

Το is the definite article the for a neuter singular noun in the nominative case.

Here it goes with Πιστοποιητικό, which is a neuter singular noun:

  • το πιστοποιητικό = the certificate

Because this noun is the subject of the sentence, it appears in the nominative:

  • Το Πιστοποιητικό ... δείχνει ...
  • The Certificate ... shows ...
Why is Πιστοποιητικό neuter?

In Greek, every noun has a grammatical gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Πιστοποιητικό happens to be neuter.

That means words connected to it must match:

  • article: το
  • noun: πιστοποιητικό

This gender is grammatical, not logical. A certificate is not thought of as biologically neutral; it is simply a neuter noun in Greek.

What case are Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης, and why?

Both words are in the genitive singular feminine:

  • ενεργειακής
  • απόδοσης

This is because Greek often uses the genitive where English uses of.

So:

  • Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης literally means
  • Certificate of Energy Performance

More specifically:

  • απόδοση = performance
  • ενεργειακής απόδοσης = of energy performance

The adjective ενεργειακής matches απόδοσης in gender, number, and case.

Why is it την ενεργειακή κατηγορία and not η ενεργειακή κατηγορία?

Because this phrase is the direct object of δείχνει.

The verb δείχνει means shows, and what is being shown?
την ενεργειακή κατηγορία

A direct object takes the accusative case in Greek:

  • nominative: η ενεργειακή κατηγορία
  • accusative: την ενεργειακή κατηγορία

So:

  • η = subject form
  • την = object form
What form is δείχνει?

Δείχνει is:

  • present tense
  • 3rd person singular
  • from the verb δείχνω = to show

So it means:

  • he/she/it shows

Here the subject is Το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης, so in English we translate it as:

  • The Energy Performance Certificate shows ...
Why is there no separate word for it before δείχνει?

Greek usually does not need a subject pronoun when the subject is already clear.

In English, you must say:

  • It shows

In Greek, the verb ending often gives enough information, and here the subject noun is already stated:

  • Το Πιστοποιητικό ... δείχνει ...

So Greek does not need an extra it.

Why do I see ενεργειακής in one place and ενεργειακή in another?

They are two forms of the same adjective:

  • dictionary form: ενεργειακός, ενεργειακή, ενεργειακό = energy / energetic / related to energy

It changes form to agree with the noun it describes.

  1. ενεργειακής απόδοσης

    • modifies απόδοσης
    • feminine, singular, genitive
  2. ενεργειακή κατηγορία

    • modifies κατηγορία
    • feminine, singular, accusative

So the adjective changes because the noun it goes with changes case.

Why is there an -ν in την?

The feminine accusative article is often seen as τη or την.

In careful standard Greek, the final -ν is kept:

  • before a vowel
  • before certain consonants
  • and often in formal writing

Here the next word is ενεργειακή, which starts with a vowel sound, so την is the expected form:

  • την ενεργειακή κατηγορία

If the next word began differently, you might sometimes hear or see τη instead.

Why are so many words capitalized?

Some capitalization here reflects the fact that Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης is an official term or document name.

In ordinary Greek, capitalization is usually more limited than in English:

  • the first word of the sentence is capitalized
  • proper names are capitalized

But in official labels, headings, or formal document names, you may see major words capitalized, as here.

Is Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης a fixed expression?

Yes. It is a standard official term meaning Energy Performance Certificate.

Word-for-word, Greek structures it more like:

  • Certificate of Energy Performance

So even though the English meaning is shown as Energy Performance Certificate, the Greek grammar uses:

  • main noun first: Πιστοποιητικό
  • then a genitive phrase: Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης

This pattern is very common in Greek.

Can the word order change?

Yes, Greek word order is more flexible than English because case endings help show each word’s role.

The sentence as given is the most neutral and straightforward order:

  • subject + verb + object

That is:

  • Το Πιστοποιητικό Ενεργειακής Απόδοσης = subject
  • δείχνει = verb
  • την ενεργειακή κατηγορία = object

Other orders are possible for emphasis, but this version is the clearest and most standard for a learner.

How can I quickly spot the subject and the object in this sentence?

A useful shortcut is to look at the articles and cases:

  • Το Πιστοποιητικό

    • το = nominative/accusative neuter singular
    • here it is the subject, because it is the thing doing the action
  • την ενεργειακή κατηγορία

    • την clearly marks feminine accusative singular
    • so this is the direct object

Then the verb connects them:

  • Το Πιστοποιητικό ... δείχνει την κατηγορία
  • The certificate shows the category

So the overall structure is easy to read once you recognize the case markers.

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