Το αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης έχει γλουτένη.

Το is the neuter singular definite article, meaning the.

• το αλεύρι = the flour
• Greek uses the definite article very often, sometimes more often than English does.

Here, αλεύρι is a neuter singular noun, so the correct article is το.

You can tell from the article:

• ο = masculine
• η = feminine
• το = neuter

Since the sentence has το αλεύρι, that tells you αλεύρι is neuter.

Also, many neuter nouns in Greek end in -ι, though that is not the only neuter ending.

Literally, ολικής άλεσης means something like of whole milling/grinding.

So:

• ολικής = whole / wholegrain / wholemeal in this expression
• άλεσης = grinding, milling

Together, αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης is the standard way to say wholemeal flour or whole wheat flour.

It is not translated word-for-word into natural English, but the Greek expression is very common.

Because this is a genitive phrase.

The base noun is:

• η άλεση = the grinding / milling

In the genitive singular, it becomes:

• της άλεσης = of the grinding / milling

The adjective ολική agrees with άλεση, so it also goes into the genitive singular:

• της ολικής άλεσης = of the whole milling

So in αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης, the phrase ολικής άλεσης describes the type of flour.

Έχει is the 3rd person singular present tense of έχω = to have.

• έχω = I have
• έχεις = you have
• έχει = he/she/it has

Since the subject is το αλεύρι (the flour), which is singular, Greek uses έχει = has.

Greek often leaves out the article when talking about a substance or something in a general sense.

So:

• έχει γλουτένη = has gluten

This is natural Greek. It means the flour contains gluten in general, not a specific, already-identified gluten.

You could say τη γλουτένη in other contexts, but here γλουτένη without the article is the normal choice.

Yes, Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral, straightforward order here is:

• Το αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης έχει γλουτένη.

But Greek can move words around for emphasis. For example, you might also hear:

• Γλουτένη έχει το αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης.

That sounds more emphatic, like It’s wholemeal flour that has gluten or Wholemeal flour does contain gluten.

Still, the original version is the most standard and simplest for learners.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

To alevri olikís álesis éhi glouténi.

A few helpful notes:

• αλεύρι sounds roughly like a-LEV-ree
• ολικής sounds like o-lee-KEES
• άλεσης sounds like A-le-sis
• έχει in modern Greek is pronounced roughly EH-hi
• γλουτένη sounds like gloo-TE-nee

The written accents show you where the stress goes:

• αλεύρι
• ολικής
• άλεσης
• έχει
• γλουτένη

It is the most common and standard way to say it in everyday Greek packaging and conversation.

You may also see related expressions depending on context, but αλεύρι ολικής άλεσης is the phrase you should learn first.

A useful point is that Greek often expresses this idea with a phrase meaning of whole milling, rather than using a single adjective directly before flour the way English often does.

It is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

• Το αλεύρι = the flour
• έχει = has
• γλουτένη = gluten

So the basic structure is:

• subject + verb + object

That is why αλεύρι is in the nominative, while γλουτένη is the object of the verb.