Τώρα που έχουμε πηλό, αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα.

Here Τώρα που means now that.

It introduces the idea that one thing is true first, and because of that, the next step can happen:

• Τώρα που έχουμε πηλό = Now that we have clay
• αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα = we begin the centering

So που is helping connect the two parts into one idea.

In this sentence, που links τώρα to a whole clause:

• τώρα που έχουμε πηλό

This is a very common Greek pattern meaning now that... or now when....

It is not the same as using ότι for that in reported speech, and it is not quite the same as όταν for when in general time expressions. Here, τώρα που is the natural fixed expression.

Because πηλό is the direct object of έχουμε.

The dictionary form is:

• ο πηλός = clay

But after a verb like έχω, the direct object usually goes in the accusative case:

• nominative: ο πηλός
• accusative: τον πηλό or just πηλό

So:

• έχουμε πηλό = we have clay

Greek often leaves out the article when talking about a material or substance in a general, non-specific way.

So:

• έχουμε πηλό = we have clay / some clay

If you said:

• έχουμε τον πηλό

that would usually sound like we have the clay, meaning a specific clay already known in the conversation.

Here the sentence is just saying that clay is available, so no article is very natural.

Because the speaker is including themselves with other people:

• έχουμε = we have
• αρχίζουμε = we begin

This is very common in instructions, demonstrations, and teaching. A teacher or presenter may say we even if they are really guiding someone else through the steps, just like in English:

• Now we add the flour
• Now we start the next step

So Greek is using the same kind of instructional we here.

Greek often uses the present tense for actions happening right now or for step-by-step instructions.

So:

• Τώρα που έχουμε πηλό, αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα.

can mean something like:

• Now that we have clay, we begin the centering
• Now that we have clay, we’re starting the centering

It sounds natural because this is the current stage of the process.

Κεντράρισμα is a noun meaning centering.

In pottery, it refers to the step where you center the clay on the wheel before shaping it.

The ending -μα is very common in Greek for nouns that name an action, process, or result. So this is the name of the procedure itself.

Greek uses the definite article much more often than English.

Here το κεντράρισμα refers to a specific step in the process, so the article sounds very natural:

• αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα = we begin the centering

In English, we might or might not use the, but in Greek the article is commonly kept with nouns for actions, stages, and abstract ideas.

Usually that would sound less natural here.

Αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα is the normal way to say it because κεντράρισμα is being treated as the named step or process.

Without the article, the phrase may sound more abrupt or incomplete in this context.

Because the sentence begins with a subordinate clause:

• Τώρα που έχουμε πηλό = dependent clause
• αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα = main clause

Greek often uses a comma to separate that opening clause from the main statement, especially in clear written style. It helps the structure of the sentence stand out.

No, Greek word order is fairly flexible, but this order is very natural.

The sentence first gives the condition or situation:

• Τώρα που έχουμε πηλό

and then gives the next action:

• αρχίζουμε το κεντράρισμα

That flow is logical and easy to follow. Greek could rearrange parts for emphasis, but this version is the most straightforward.

A rough guide:

• Τώρα ≈ TO-ra
• που ≈ poo
• έχουμε ≈ E-hoo-me
• πηλό ≈ pee-LO
• αρχίζουμε ≈ ar-HEE-zoo-me
• κεντράρισμα ≈ ken-TRA-ri-zma

The stressed syllables are:

• Τώρα
• έχουμε
• πηλό
• αρχίζουμε
• κεντράρισμα

That stress is important in Greek, because it is part of the correct form of the word.