Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, achten wir besonders auf Licht, Lärm und den Zustand der Fenster.

Questions & Answers about Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, achten wir besonders auf Licht, Lärm und den Zustand der Fenster.

Why does wenn send the verb to the end in Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen?

Because wenn introduces a subordinate clause. In German, subordinate clauses normally put the conjugated verb at the end.

  • Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen
    • wenn = when/whenever/if
    • wir = we
    • die Wohnung = the apartment
    • besichtigen = inspect/view

So the normal main-clause order wir besichtigen die Wohnung becomes wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen after wenn.


Why is it achten wir instead of wir achten after the comma?

This is because the sentence begins with a subordinate clause:

  • Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, ...

In German, the main clause still follows the verb-second (V2) rule. The entire subordinate clause counts as the first element, so the verb comes next:

  • Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, achten wir ...

This is the same pattern you see in sentences like:

  • Heute gehe ich nach Hause.
  • Wenn es regnet, bleiben wir zu Hause.

So achten wir is correct because the opening wenn-clause takes the first position.


What does besichtigen mean here, and how is it different from just sehen or anschauen?

Besichtigen usually means to inspect, to look around, or to view something carefully, especially a place such as:

  • an apartment
  • a house
  • a museum
  • a building

In this sentence, die Wohnung besichtigen is very natural for viewing an apartment, for example before renting or buying it.

Comparison:

  • sehen = to see
  • anschauen = to look at/watch
  • besichtigen = to inspect/view carefully, often in person

So for apartment hunting, eine Wohnung besichtigen is exactly the kind of phrase you would expect.


Why is it auf Licht, Lärm und den Zustand? What does achten auf mean?

The verb is auf etwas achten, which means:

  • to pay attention to something
  • to watch out for something
  • to take notice of something

This verb requires the preposition auf, and in this meaning auf takes the accusative case.

That is why you get:

  • auf Licht
  • auf Lärm
  • auf den Zustand der Fenster

A useful mini-pattern is:

  • Ich achte auf die Details.
  • Wir achten auf Sauberkeit.
  • Achten Sie auf den Verkehr!

So in your sentence, they are paying special attention to light, noise, and the condition of the windows.


Why don’t Licht and Lärm have articles here?

German often leaves out articles with general, uncountable, or abstract things, especially when listing what someone pays attention to.

So:

  • auf Licht
  • auf Lärm

means something like to light and to noise levels / noise in general, not to one specific light or one specific noise.

This is similar to English, where you might say:

  • We pay attention to light and noise not necessarily
  • the light and the noise

You could sometimes hear articles in a more specific context, but here the zero article sounds natural and general.


Why is it den Zustand, but then der Fenster?

Because two different grammar patterns are happening at once.

1. den Zustand = accusative

This is because of auf in auf etwas achten. The noun phrase after auf is in the accusative:

  • auf den Zustand

2. der Fenster = genitive

This means of the windows and tells you whose/which condition we mean:

  • der Zustand der Fenster = the condition of the windows

So the whole structure is:

  • auf
    • accusative → den Zustand
  • inside that noun phrase, der Fenster is genitiveof the windows

Why is it der Fenster and not die Fenster?

Because after Zustand German uses the genitive to express of the windows:

  • der Zustand der Fenster

Here, Fenster is plural, and the plural genitive article is der.

Compare:

  • die Fenster = the windows
  • der Fenster = of the windows

So:

  • der Zustand die Fenster
  • der Zustand der Fenster

This is a very common pattern in German:

  • die Farbe des Hauses = the color of the house
  • die Größe der Wohnung = the size of the apartment
  • der Zustand der Fenster = the condition of the windows

What exactly does besonders do in this sentence?

Besonders means especially or particularly.

It modifies achten wir auf ... and tells you that these are the things they pay special attention to:

  • achten wir besonders auf Licht, Lärm und den Zustand der Fenster

So the meaning is not just we pay attention to..., but more specifically:

  • we pay particular attention to...

It is an adverb, and its position here is very natural.


Can wenn mean both when and if?

Yes. Wenn can mean:

  • when in the sense of whenever
  • if

In your sentence, Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen could be understood as:

  • When we view the apartment
  • or Whenever we view an apartment

Because you said the meaning is already known to the learner, the important grammar point is that wenn introduces a subordinate clause in either case.

A rough guide:

  • wenn = when/whenever/if
  • als = when for a single event in the past

For example:

  • Wenn wir Zeit haben, gehen wir spazieren.
  • Als wir die Wohnung besichtigten, war es sehr laut.

Why is Wohnung feminine here?

Because Wohnung is simply a noun with grammatical gender, and its gender is feminine:

  • die Wohnung

So in the accusative, it stays:

  • die Wohnung

That is why you see:

  • wir besichtigen die Wohnung

Some basic forms:

There is no special reason beyond vocabulary: noun gender in German usually has to be learned with the noun.


Is the comma necessary after the wenn clause?

Yes. In German, a subordinate clause is normally separated from the main clause by a comma.

So this is correct:

  • Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, achten wir besonders auf ...

Without the comma, it would be incorrect in standard German punctuation.

This is a very important habit to build, because German uses commas more systematically with subordinate clauses than English does.


Could this sentence also be written with the main clause first?

Yes. You can switch the order:

  • Wir achten besonders auf Licht, Lärm und den Zustand der Fenster, wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen.

That is also grammatical.

The difference is mainly one of focus and flow:

  • Wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen, achten wir ...
    starts with the situation/context
  • Wir achten ..., wenn wir die Wohnung besichtigen.
    starts with the main statement

In both versions, the wenn-clause is subordinate, so its verb still goes to the end.

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How do German cases work?
German has four grammatical cases: nominative (subject), accusative (direct object), dative (indirect object), and genitive (possession). The case determines the form of articles and adjectives. For example, "the dog" is "der Hund" as a subject but "den Hund" as a direct object.

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