Breakdown of Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
Questions & Answers about Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
Im is a contraction of in dem.
- in = in
- dem = the (dative, masculine or neuter)
So:
- in dem Zoo → im Zoo
Both are grammatically correct, but the contracted form im Zoo is what people normally say and write in everyday German.
The preposition in can take either dative or accusative:
- Dative: location (where something is)
- Accusative: direction/movement (where something is going)
In this sentence you are talking about a location (where you see the monkey), not movement, so you use the dative:
- im Zoo = in dem Zoo → dative masculine singular
- Where? In the zoo. → dative
If it were about movement, you would use accusative, e.g.
- Ich gehe in den Zoo. – I’m going into the zoo. (movement → accusative)
Yes, absolutely. Both are correct:
- Ich sehe einen Affen im Zoo.
- Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
They mean the same thing, but the emphasis shifts slightly:
- Ich sehe einen Affen im Zoo. – neutral, normal word order (subject first).
- Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen. – emphasizes where you see the monkey (in the zoo).
German word order is quite flexible, as long as the conjugated verb stays in second position in main clauses. In your sentence:
- Im Zoo (position 1 – a phrase about place)
- sehe (position 2 – the conjugated verb)
- ich einen Affen (rest of the sentence)
German main clauses follow the verb-second rule:
- Exactly one element comes first (subject, time, place, object, etc.).
- Then the conjugated verb.
- Then the rest of the sentence.
In your sentence:
- First element: Im Zoo
- Second: sehe (verb, must be in 2nd position)
- Then: ich einen Affen
If you start with the subject, you get:
- Ich (1st) sehe (2nd) einen Affen im Zoo.
If you start with the place, you must move the subject after the verb:
- Im Zoo (1st) sehe (2nd) ich einen Affen.
Both are correct; only the emphasis changes.
Because einen Affen is in the accusative case and Affe is masculine.
- ein Affe – nominative masculine (subject)
- einen Affen – accusative masculine (direct object)
In your sentence, ich is the one doing the seeing, so ich is the subject (nominative), and einen Affen is the direct object (accusative):
- Ich (nominative) sehe einen Affen (accusative).
Masculine indefinite article:
- Nominative: ein Mann / ein Affe
- Accusative: einen Mann / einen Affen
Affe is one of the so‑called weak masculine nouns (also called n‑declension).
For these nouns:
- Nominative singular: ends in -e (e.g. Affe)
- All other cases (accusative, dative, genitive) singular: add -n or -en (e.g. Affen)
So for Affe (monkey):
- Nominative: der Affe – Ein Affe sitzt im Baum.
- Accusative: den Affen / einen Affen – Ich sehe einen Affen.
- Dative: dem Affen / einem Affen – Ich helfe einem Affen.
- Genitive: des Affen / eines Affen – Der Schwanz des Affen ist lang.
Even though Affen looks like a plural, here it is still singular accusative.
Affe is grammatically masculine in German, so you use:
- der Affe (the monkey)
- ein Affe (a monkey)
- einen Affen (accusative)
You cannot say eine Affe or ein Affen.
If you want to refer specifically to a female monkey, there is the word:
- die Affin – a female monkey (less common in everyday speech, but correct)
In German, all nouns are capitalized, no matter where they appear in the sentence.
- Zoo and Affe are nouns, so they must start with a capital letter:
- Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
This rule applies to common nouns (Haus, Frau, Wasser), proper nouns (Berlin, Maria) and also to nouns formed from other words (das Essen, das Schwimmen).
Let’s break it down:
Im Zoo
- im = in dem → preposition in
- article dem
- dem is dative singular masculine (for der Zoo)
- So Zoo is dative singular (object of the preposition in)
- im = in dem → preposition in
ich
- Subject of the verb sehe → nominative singular
einen Affen
- Direct object of sehe → accusative singular masculine
- einen = accusative masculine singular of ein
- Affen = accusative singular of Affe (weak masculine noun)
So:
- Im Zoo – dative (place)
- ich – nominative (subject)
- einen Affen – accusative (direct object)
sehe is the 1st person singular form of the verb sehen (to see) in the present tense.
Conjugation of sehen (present):
- ich sehe – I see
- du siehst – you see (singular, informal)
- er/sie/es sieht – he/she/it sees
- wir sehen – we see
- ihr seht – you see (plural, informal)
- sie/Sie sehen – they / you (formal) see
In Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen, sehe tells you:
- the action: seeing
- the time: present
- the subject: ich (because of the ending -e and the explicit pronoun)
The basic meaning is the same: you see a monkey in the zoo.
The difference is a matter of emphasis and rhythm:
Ich sehe im Zoo einen Affen.
- Neutral order: Subject – Verb – Place – Object.
- Slightly more focus on what you see (einen Affen).
Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
- Puts the location at the beginning, so it’s more emphasized.
- Useful if you contrast places:
- Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen, aber im Wald sehe ich Rehe.
Grammatically, both are fine and mean the same thing.
For the plural, Affe becomes Affen (this time truly plural):
- Im Zoo sehe ich Affen. – I see monkeys in the zoo.
- If you want to be more specific:
- Im Zoo sehe ich viele Affen. – I see many monkeys in the zoo.
- Im Zoo sehe ich drei Affen. – I see three monkeys in the zoo.
Notice:
- No article in simple plural: Affen (just like English monkeys without the or some).
- After numbers or words like viele, you also use the bare plural (Affen).
Yes, you can, but the meaning changes slightly:
Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen.
- einen = a monkey (indefinite, any one monkey)
Im Zoo sehe ich den Affen.
- den = the monkey (definite, a specific monkey that you or the listener already know about)
So den Affen refers to a particular monkey, for example one you have mentioned before:
- Gestern haben wir über einen lustigen Affen gesprochen. Heute im Zoo sehe ich den Affen.
- Yesterday we talked about a funny monkey. Today in the zoo I see that (the) monkey.
ich is the nominative form (subject), and mich is the accusative form (object) of the 1st person singular pronoun.
- ich – I (subject)
- mich – me (object)
In Im Zoo sehe ich einen Affen, ich is the subject, the person doing the seeing, so you must use ich:
- Ich sehe einen Affen. – I see a monkey.
You would use mich if you were the object:
- Der Affe sieht mich. – The monkey sees me.