Die Post holt den Brief aus dem Briefkasten um acht Uhr ab.

Die Post holt den Brief aus dem Briefkasten um acht Uhr ab.
The post office picks up the letter from the mailbox at eight o’clock.
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Questions & Answers about Die Post holt den Brief aus dem Briefkasten um acht Uhr ab.

Why is the verb split into holt … ab instead of appearing together?
abholen is a separable‑prefix verb. In German main clauses the prefix ab‑ detaches from the stem and moves to the end of the clause, while the finite part holt stays in the second position.
What does Die Post refer to, and why is it treated as a singular noun here?
Die Post literally means “the post” or “the postal service.” It’s a collective name for the institution that delivers mail. Even though it refers to many people and actions, grammatically it’s a singular feminine noun, so it takes die and the verb form holt (3rd person singular).
Why is den Brief in the accusative case?
Den Brief is the direct object of abholen (to pick up). In German, direct objects are marked by the accusative case. Brief is masculine, so its accusative form is den Brief.
Why do we say aus dem Briefkasten, and why is it in the dative?
The preposition aus (out of) always governs the dative case. Briefkasten is masculine, so der Briefkasten becomes dem Briefkasten in the dative. Together you get aus dem Briefkasten = “out of the mailbox.”
What is the function of um in um acht Uhr?
When you refer to a precise clock time in German, you use um + accusative. So um acht Uhr means “at eight o’clock.”
Why is um acht Uhr placed at the end rather than before aus dem Briefkasten, even though we learned a time–manner–place order?

German word order is flexible. Here you have:

  1. Subject (Die Post)
  2. Verb (holt)
  3. Object (den Brief)
  4. Place adverbial (aus dem Briefkasten)
  5. Time adverbial (um acht Uhr)
  6. Separable prefix (ab)
    Objects generally come before adverbials, and adverbials can shift for emphasis. Even though “time–manner–place” is a guideline for adverbs, objects often precede them, so time can appear after place.
How would I rephrase the sentence if I wanted to emphasize the time by putting um acht Uhr at the beginning?

Fronting an element still keeps the finite verb in second position. You’d say:
Um acht Uhr holt die Post den Brief aus dem Briefkasten ab.

What is the difference between holen and abholen?

holen means “to fetch” or “to get.”
abholen adds the prefix ab‑, giving the sense “to pick up (and bring away).” Without ab‑, you wouldn’t convey that the postal service comes to the mailbox to collect the letter.

Why is Briefkasten capitalized?
In German, all nouns are capitalized, regardless of where they appear in the sentence. Briefkasten (“mailbox”) is a noun, so it always begins with a capital letter.
Could you say vom Briefkasten instead of aus dem Briefkasten, and what’s the nuance?
Vom comes from von dem and means “from (the surface or vicinity of).” Aus dem means “out of (the interior of).” Since you’re physically taking the letter out of inside the mailbox, aus dem Briefkasten is more precise. Vom Briefkasten would be understood but is less exact.