Musiikki soi kahvilassa.

Music is playing in the café.

Breakdown of Musiikki soi kahvilassa.

• -ssa: in
• kahvila: the café
• musiikki: the music
• soida: to play

Questions & Answers about Musiikki soi kahvilassa.

What does each word in the sentence mean?

• Musiikki = music (nominative singular)
• soi = plays/rings/sounds (3rd person singular present of soida, an intransitive verb)
• kahvilassa = in the café (inessive case: kahvila
  • -ssa = “inside the café”)

Why is there no “a” or “the” in Finnish?

Finnish has no articles. Definiteness is inferred from context, word order, and case. Musiikki soi kahvilassa can be understood as either “Music is playing in the café” or “The music is playing in the café,” depending on context. If you want to stress an indefinite amount of music, you often use the partitive: Musiikkia soi kahvilassa = “There’s (some) music playing in the café.”

What’s the difference between musiikki and musiikkia here?

• Musiikki soi kahvilassa: treats “music” as a whole/generic or contextually definite thing (“the music,” “music as such”). Slightly more formal or generic-sounding.
• Musiikkia soi kahvilassa: partitive subject; sounds like “some music is playing,” the most natural everyday way to say it when you just mean there’s music on.

Both are correct; the partitive version is very common in real-life descriptions.

What exactly does soi mean, and how does soida differ from soittaa?

• soi is 3rd person singular present of soida = “to ring/sound/play” intransitively (the sound happens by itself): Puhelin soi (The phone is ringing), Musiikki soi (Music is playing).
• soittaa is transitive = “to play (an instrument, a track); to call (by phone).” Example: DJ soittaa musiikkia kahvilassa (The DJ is playing music in the café).
  So use soida when the sound “occurs,” and soittaa when someone makes it happen.

How do I form the present of soida?

You’ll mostly need 3rd person forms in practice:

• 3rd singular: soi (it plays/rings)
• 3rd plural: soivat (they play/ring)

For completeness, the pattern is like other -da verbs: soin, soit, soi, soimme, soitte, soivat, but you rarely say “I ring” etc. outside special contexts. Focus on soi and soivat.

How do I say this in the past?

The 3rd singular past of soida is also soi. You rely on context or a time word:

• Musiikki soi kahvilassa eilen/äsken. = The music played in the café yesterday/a moment ago.

This overlap (present vs. past) is normal for some Finnish verbs; time adverbs or context disambiguate.

How do I negate the sentence?

• Definite/generic: Musiikki ei soi kahvilassa. = The music is not playing in the café.
• Indefinite “there’s no music playing”: Kahvilassa ei soi musiikkia. (partitive after negation)

How do I ask a yes/no question?

Attach the question clitic -ko/-kö to the verb:

• Soiko musiikki kahvilassa? = Is the music playing in the café? For an indefinite reading, you can also say: Soiko kahvilassa musiikkia? = Is there music playing in the café?

Why is it kahvilassa and not something else? What do the location cases mean?

• kahvilassa (inessive, “in”): inside the café.
• kahvilaan (illative, “into”): motion into the café.
• kahvilasta (elative, “out of/from inside”): from the café (interior). Compare: Musiikki kuuluu kahvilasta = Music can be heard from the café (source).

When do I use -ssa/-ssä vs. -lla/-llä?

• -ssa/-ssä (inessive) = in/inside: kahvilassa (in the café).
• -lla/-llä (adessive) = on/at/surface/general vicinity. You’ll more often use the adessive with places like pysäkillä (at the stop) or asemalla (at the station). With cafés, “being in the café” is typically kahvilassa.

Can I front the location? Is word order flexible?

Yes. Finnish word order is flexible and used for emphasis/topicalization.

• Neutral: Musiikki soi kahvilassa.
• Location-first (emphasis on place): Kahvilassa musiikki soi.
• Indefinite, very natural: Kahvilassa soi musiikkia.

All are grammatical; the partitive subject version is the most everyday-like for “there’s music playing.”

How would I say “There is music in the café” (not necessarily actively playing)?

• Kahvilassa on musiikkia. = There is (some) music in the café (e.g., as a feature/ambient). To stress that it’s currently audible/playing, prefer Kahvilassa soi musiikkia.

Is there a more explicit way to say “is playing right now,” like a progressive form?

Finnish present usually covers English progressive. Musiikki soi already means “is playing (now).”
You may see olla + -massa with some verbs, e.g. Kappale on soimassa (a specific track is in the middle of playing), but for general ambient music, Musiikki soi is the normal choice.

Pronunciation tips for this sentence?

• soi: the diphthong “oi” is one smooth glide; don’t insert a pause.
• kahvilassa: double ss is long; hold it clearly. Stress the first syllable: KAH-vi-las-sa.
• Vowel harmony: kahvilassa uses -ssa (not -ssä) because of the back vowel a; neutral vowels i/e don’t affect harmony.

How do I make it plural, “in cafés”?

• Singular inessive: kahvilassa (in one café).
• Plural inessive: kahviloissa (in cafés).
  Example: Musiikkia soi kahviloissa. = There’s music playing in cafés.

Could I accidentally say something wrong like “in the coffee” by using the wrong word?

Yes—be careful:

• kahvi = coffee (drink) → kahvissa = in the coffee (literal liquid).
• kahvila = café → kahvilassa = in the café (place).
  For places, use kahvila (not kahvi).

Are there useful related verbs for talking about heard music?

Yes:

• kuulua = to be heard. Kahvilasta kuuluu musiikkia. = You can hear music coming from the café.
• kuulla = to hear (someone hears). Kuulen musiikkia kahvilasta. = I hear music from the café.
  Use soida for “is playing/ringing,” kuulua for “is audible.”