Breakdown of Jokainen eläin tarvitsee vettä ja ruokaa.
ja
and
ruoka
the food
tarvita
to need
vesi
the water
jokainen
every
eläin
the animal
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Questions & Answers about Jokainen eläin tarvitsee vettä ja ruokaa.
What does jokainen mean and what part of speech is it?
Jokainen means “every” or “each.” It’s an indefinite pronoun that behaves like an adjective: it takes the same case and number as the noun it modifies (here nominative singular: jokainen eläin).
Why is eläin singular when talking about all animals?
Finnish uses the singular noun with jokainen because you’re referring to “each individual animal.” In English you might say “all animals” or “every animal,” but Finnish always uses the singular after jokainen (not jokaiset eläimet).
Why are vettä and ruokaa in the partitive case?
The verb tarvita (“to need”) takes a partitive object when the object is an indefinite amount or uncountable. Water and food here are non-count or indefinite quantities, so they appear in the partitive singular: vesi → vettä, ruoka → ruokaa.
How is the third person singular of tarvita formed?
Tarvita is a type II (-da/-dä) verb. To form the present tense, you drop -da/-dä, add -e-, then the personal ending. For third person singular the ending is zero, so you get tarvitse- + ø = tarvitsee.
Why does tarvitsee have a long ee?
In type II verbs the linking vowel -e- remains even in the third person singular, and because there’s no additional personal ending, the e is lengthened: tarvitsee.
Why isn’t there an article like “the” or “a” before vettä and ruokaa?
Finnish has no articles. Definiteness or indefiniteness is shown by context, word order, or case. You simply say vettä for “water” and ruokaa for “food,” without any extra word.
What is the basic word order in Finnish, and does this sentence follow it?
The neutral word order is Subject–Verb–Object (SVO). Here it’s Jokainen eläin (S) tarvitsee (V) vettä ja ruokaa (O), so it follows the standard pattern.
How would you say “All animals need water and food” instead of “Every animal needs…”?
You’d use kaikki (“all”) and the plural: Kaikki eläimet tarvitsevat vettä ja ruokaa. Notice eläimet is plural, kaikki agrees with it, and the verb becomes third person plural tarvitsevat, while vettä and ruokaa stay in the partitive.