Rouva odottaa toimistossa.

to wait

Breakdown of Rouva odottaa toimistossa.

• toimisto: the office
• rouva: the lady; Mrs.; madam

Questions & Answers about Rouva odottaa toimistossa.

Why is rouva the subject of the sentence?

Rouva is in the nominative case, which is the basic dictionary form of a noun. In this sentence, it is the one doing the action, so it is the subject.

• rouva = the lady / the woman / Mrs.
• odottaa = waits / is waiting
• toimistossa = in the office

So rouva is the person who is waiting.

Why is there no article like the or a before rouva?

Finnish does not have articles like English a, an, or the.

So rouva can mean:

• a lady
• the lady
• sometimes simply lady depending on context

You understand which one is meant from the situation, not from a separate article word.

Why is there no subject pronoun like she?

Because the noun rouva is already stated, Finnish does not need a separate pronoun.

In English, you say The lady is waiting.
In Finnish, Rouva odottaa is enough.

Adding hän (she/he) would usually be unnecessary here unless you wanted extra emphasis or contrast.

Is odottaa the infinitive or the present tense form here?