من دیروز از باغ عکس نگرفتم، چون عجله داشتم.

من is optional in this sentence.

Because نگرفتم already means I did not take, the verb ending -م shows the subject is I. So Persian often drops من unless you want emphasis or contrast.

You could say:

دیروز از باغ عکس نگرفتم، چون عجله داشتم.

That would still clearly mean I didn’t take pictures of the garden yesterday, because I was in a hurry.

Using من can add slight emphasis, like I didn’t take pictures.

Yes, دیروز can move around somewhat. Persian word order is flexible, especially with time expressions.

In this sentence, دیروز near the beginning is very natural:

من دیروز از باغ عکس نگرفتم...

But you could also hear:

دیروز من از باغ عکس نگرفتم...
or even
من از باغ دیروز عکس نگرفتم...

The first version is the most neutral and natural for most learners. Putting دیروز early helps set the time right away.

In Persian, the common pattern for to take a picture of something is:

از + noun + عکس گرفتن

So:

از باغ عکس گرفتن = to take a picture of the garden

Here, از does not literally mean only from in the English sense. In this expression, it is just the normal preposition used with عکس گرفتن when you say what is being photographed.

Examples:

از دوستم عکس گرفتم. = I took a picture of my friend.
از کوه‌ها عکس نگرفتیم. = We didn’t take pictures of the mountains.

So learners should remember this as a set pattern: از چیزی/کسی عکس گرفتن

Because عکس گرفتن is a compound verb.

Many Persian verbs are made of:

• a noun or adjective part
• plus a light verb such as کردن, زدن, گرفتن, etc.

Here:

• عکس = photo, picture
• گرفتن = to take

Together: عکس گرفتن = to take a photo / to photograph

In compound verbs, the negative prefix usually attaches to the verbal part, not the noun part. So:

• عکس گرفتم = I took a photo
• عکس نگرفتم = I did not take a photo

That is why نـ appears on گرفتم, not on عکس.

نگرفتم breaks down like this:

• نـ = negative prefix
• گرفت = past stem of گرفتن
• ـم = I ending

So:

نگرفتم = I did not take

This is the simple past negative.

Compare:

• گرفتم = I took
• نگرفتم = I did not take

Since this is a compound verb, the full meaning is:

• عکس گرفتم = I took a picture
• عکس نگرفتم = I did not take a picture

Good question. را marks a specific direct object, but in this sentence the structure is not a simple direct-object pattern like کتاب را خواندم.

Here we have the expression:

از باغ عکس گرفتن

The photographed thing is introduced by از, so باغ is inside a prepositional phrase, not a direct object. That is why you do not use را with باغ here.

Also, عکس is part of the compound verb عکس گرفتن, so it is not functioning like an ordinary direct object in the same way.

So:

• از باغ عکس گرفتم = correct
• از باغ را عکس گرفتم = incorrect

Yes, literally داشتم means I had.

It comes from داشتن = to have.

The phrase:

عجله داشتم

literally means I had hurry, but naturally it means:

• I was in a hurry
• I had to hurry

This is a very common Persian expression. Persian often uses داشتن where English uses to be plus a noun phrase.

More examples:

• وقت داشتم = I had time
• ترس داشتم = I was afraid / I had fear
• امید داشتم = I was hopeful / I had hope

So چون عجله داشتم is a very natural way to say because I was in a hurry.

Because the normal Persian expression is عجله داشتن, not عجله بودن.

So Persian says:

عجله دارم = I am in a hurry
عجله داشتم = I was in a hurry

Using بودن here would sound unnatural.

This is one of those cases where Persian and English organize the idea differently:

• English: I was in a hurry
• Persian: I had hurry

It is best to learn عجله داشتن as a fixed expression.

Yes, چون here means because.

It introduces the reason:

من دیروز از باغ عکس نگرفتم، چون عجله داشتم.
= I didn’t take pictures of the garden yesterday, because I was in a hurry.

A few useful notes:

• چون can also mean since in the sense of because.
• It is very common in everyday Persian.
• The clause after چون keeps normal Persian word order.

You may also see چون که or چون‌که, but چون by itself is very common and natural.

It can often be understood either way depending on context.

In Persian, nouns without an article do not always force a singular/plural distinction the way English does. So:

از باغ عکس نگرفتم

can mean:

• I didn’t take a picture of the garden
• I didn’t take pictures of the garden

If the speaker wanted to make the plural more explicit, they could say:

از باغ عکس‌ها نگرفتم
or more naturally in many contexts, add something else to clarify quantity.

But in ordinary speech, عکس نگرفتم is often enough, and context tells you whether one photo or multiple photos are meant.

It is neutral and very natural standard Persian.

Nothing in it is especially formal or especially slangy. You could use it in normal conversation and also in standard written language.

In casual speech, pronunciation may become a bit shorter, but the grammar stays the same. For example, some speakers may pronounce parts more quickly in conversation, but the written form:

من دیروز از باغ عکس نگرفتم، چون عجله داشتم.

is completely standard and natural.