من با قاشق برنج میخورم، اما او با چنگال مرغ میخورد.

با usually means with. In this sentence, it shows the instrument used to do the action:

• با قاشق = with a spoon
• با چنگال = with a fork

So Persian uses با the same way English does in phrases like with a spoon.

Persian usually prefers Subject + other information + Object + Verb.
So this sentence is structured like:

• من = I
• با قاشق = with a spoon
• برنج = rice
• می‌خورم = eat / am eating

The main difference from English is that the verb normally comes at the end in Persian.

Both come from the verb خوردن = to eat.

In the present tense:

• می‌خورم = I eat / I am eating
• می‌خورد = he eats / she eats / is eating

The part میـ is the present/imperfective marker, and the ending shows the person.

Because Persian verbs agree with the subject.

Here:

• -م in می‌خورم matches من = I
• -د in می‌خورد matches او = he/she

So the verb changes depending on who is doing the action.

It can mean either he or she. Persian does not usually mark gender in third-person singular pronouns.

So:

• او می‌خورد can mean he eats or she eats

You understand which one is meant from context.

Yes, very often.

Because the verb ending already shows the subject, Persian often drops subject pronouns when they are clear:

• با قاشق برنج می‌خورم = I eat rice with a spoon
• اما با چنگال مرغ می‌خورد = but he/she eats chicken with a fork

Including من and او can add contrast or clarity, especially in a sentence comparing two people.

Persian does not use articles the same way English does.

So a noun like برنج can mean:

• rice
• the rice
• some rice

And مرغ can mean:

• chicken
• the chicken

The exact meaning depends on context. This is very normal in Persian.

را usually marks a specific direct object.

In this sentence, برنج and مرغ are being used in a more general sense, so را is not necessary.

Compare:

• برنج می‌خورم = I eat rice
• برنج را می‌خورم = I eat the rice / I am eating that specific rice

So leaving out را makes the objects sound more general.

اما means but. It connects the two clauses and shows contrast:

• I eat rice with a spoon, but
• he/she eats chicken with a fork

It is a very common conjunction in Persian.

The standard modern spelling is می‌خورم and می‌خورد, with a half-space (called a zero-width non-joiner) between می and the verb.

So the preferred forms are:

• می‌خورم
• می‌خورد

However, in informal typing, many people write:

• میخورم
• میخورد

You will see both, but the version with the half-space is more correct.

Yes, Persian word order has some flexibility, especially with adverbial phrases like با قاشق.

For example, these can all work:

• من با قاشق برنج می‌خورم
• من برنج با قاشق می‌خورم
• برنج را با قاشق می‌خورم

But they may differ slightly in emphasis.
The original version sounds natural and clear, with the utensil introduced before the food.

A rough guide:

• قاشق = ghāshogh
• چنگال = changāl
• برنج = berenj
• مرغ = morgh

A few notes:

• ق / غ are often pronounced similarly in modern Persian
• چ sounds like ch in chair
• ج sounds like j in jam
• غ in مرغ is a throaty sound not found in standard English

If you are just starting, using these rough pronunciations is fine.