همسایه ما گفت که سگ او بیمار نیست.

A careful pronunciation is:

hamsâye-ye mâ goft ke sag-e u bimâr nist

A more natural English-style transliteration is:

hamsaye-ye ma goft ke sag-e oo bimar nist

A few notes:

• همسایه = hamsâye / hamsaye
• او is pronounced u or oo
• The little linking sound -e / -ye is important in همسایهِ ما and سگِ او, even though it is often not written

Here is the breakdown:

• همسایه = neighbor
• ما = we/us, but here it means our
• گفت = said
• که = that
• سگ = dog
• او = he/she, and here it means his/her
• بیمار = sick / ill
• نیست = is not

So the structure is basically:

Our neighbor said that his/her dog is not sick.

که introduces a clause, very often like English that.

So:

• گفت = said
• گفت که ... = said that ...

In this sentence, که connects the main clause to what was said:

• همسایه ما گفت = Our neighbor said
• که سگ او بیمار نیست = that his/her dog is not sick

In everyday speech, که is sometimes dropped if the meaning is still clear:

• همسایه‌مون گفت سگش مریض نیست

That is very common in conversation.

Persian usually puts the verb at the end of the clause.

Here, the clause is:

سگ او بیمار نیست

Literally, the order is:

dog his/her sick is not

That sounds strange in English, but it is normal in Persian.

Also, نیست is the negative form of است:

• است = is
• نیست = is not

So بیمار نیست means is not sick.

Because in Persian, نیست already means is not all by itself.

Compare:

• بیمار است = is sick
• بیمار نیست = is not sick

So Persian does not need two separate words here like English is not. The negative copula is built into نیست.

It is there in pronunciation, but Persian often does not write it.

You should read these as:

• همسایهِ ما or همسایه‌ی ما = hamsaye-ye ma
• سگِ او = sag-e u

This linking sound is called ezafe. It connects:

• a noun to a possessor
• a noun to an adjective
• sometimes other linked words

So even though the sentence is written همسایه ما and سگ او, you usually pronounce it with the ezafe link.

It can mean either one.

Persian third-person singular pronouns do not show gender:

• او can mean he or she
• مال او can mean his or hers
• سگ او can mean his dog or her dog

So you know the gender only from context, not from the pronoun itself.

Yes, Persian often says this another way, especially in everyday speech.

Instead of سگ او, speakers very often use سگش:

• سگ او = his/her dog
• سگش = his/her dog

So a very natural version would be:

همسایه ما گفت که سگش بیمار نیست

And in everyday colloquial Persian, even more natural might be:

همسایه‌مون گفت که سگش مریض نیست

So the original sentence is correct, but it sounds somewhat more formal or written.

گفت is the simple past of گفتن = to say.

So:

• گفت = he/she said

In Persian, third-person singular simple past often has no extra ending beyond the past stem. That is why گفت by itself means he said or she said.

Because Persian does not mark gender here either, گفت can mean:

• he said
• she said

Persian does not have a definite article like English the.

So:

• همسایه can mean neighbor or the neighbor, depending on context
• سگ can mean dog or the dog, depending on context

If Persian wants to make something explicitly indefinite, it can use markers such as یک:

• یک سگ = a dog

But in many sentences, Persian simply leaves articles unspoken and lets context do the work.

Because بیمار is the predicate adjective, and the copula comes after it.

So:

• سگ او بیمار است = his/her dog is sick
• سگ او بیمار نیست = his/her dog is not sick

This is normal Persian word order.

It may help to compare:

• Attributive adjective: سگِ بیمار = the sick dog
• Predicate adjective: سگ بیمار است = the dog is sick

So in Persian, adjectives can appear in different positions depending on their job in the sentence.

بیمار is correct and fairly neutral, but in everyday speech many speakers use مریض more often.

So both are possible:

• بیمار نیست = is not sick
• مریض نیست = is not sick

Very roughly:

• بیمار can sound a bit more formal or standard
• مریض often sounds more conversational

That said, both are common and fully understandable.

They could, but many speakers would probably use a more colloquial version.

The original sentence is:

همسایه ما گفت که سگ او بیمار نیست.

A more conversational version might be:

همسایه‌مون گفت که سگش مریض نیست.

Changes:

• ما becomes ـمون for our
• سگ او becomes سگش
• بیمار becomes مریض
• sometimes که is dropped too

So the original is correct and useful, but it leans a bit toward careful or written Persian.

Not always definitively. In this sentence, او most naturally refers back to the person already mentioned, so many readers will understand it as our neighbor’s dog.

But grammatically, او could refer to someone else if the wider context makes that clear.

So:

• in isolation, most people will probably take it as the neighbor’s dog
• in a larger conversation, context decides exactly who او refers to