Ŝi vojaĝas al alia lando.

Roughly:

• Ŝi = shee
• vojaĝas = voh-YAH-jahs
• al = ahl
• alia = ah-LEE-ah
• lando = LAHN-doh

A few useful letter notes:

• ŝ sounds like English sh
• j sounds like English y
• ĝ sounds like English j in judge
• Stress in Esperanto falls on the second-to-last syllable, so voJAĝas, aLIa, LANdo

Here is the breakdown:

• Ŝi = she
• vojaĝas = travels / is traveling
• al = to
• alia = other / another
• lando = country

So grammatically it is:

• subject: Ŝi
• verb: vojaĝas
• prepositional phrase: al alia lando

In Esperanto, -as is the present-tense verb ending.

So:

• vojaĝi = to travel
• vojaĝas = travels / is traveling

This is true for all verbs:

• -as = present
• -is = past
• -os = future
• -us = conditional
• -u = command / wish
• -i = infinitive

So vojaĝas is built from:

• vojaĝ- = travel
• -as = present tense

It can mean either one, depending on context.

Esperanto -as covers the general present tense, so it may translate as:

• she travels
• she is traveling

English makes a stronger distinction between simple present and present progressive, but Esperanto often does not. Usually the surrounding context makes the meaning clear.

Because Esperanto does not have an indefinite article.

English says:

• a country
• another country

Esperanto simply says:

• lando
• alia lando

Esperanto does have a definite article, la, for the. So:

• lando = a country / country
• la lando = the country

alia means other or another.

So:

• alia lando = another country or a different country

It agrees with lando because adjectives in Esperanto take -a.

You will often see this pattern:

• bela lando = beautiful country
• granda lando = big country
• alia lando = another country

Because this phrase is the object of the preposition al, not a direct object.

In Esperanto, the -n ending is usually used for:

• direct objects
• direction in some expressions

But after a normal preposition like al, you usually do not add -n.

So:

• al alia lando = to another country

If this were a direct object, then both the adjective and noun would take -n:

• Mi vidas alian landon. = I see another country.

That shows adjective agreement too: if the noun gets -n, the adjective gets -n as well.

al means to or toward.

It shows movement or direction toward something:

• iri al la urbo = go to the city
• skribi al ŝi = write to her
• vojaĝi al alia lando = travel to another country

So in this sentence, al marks the destination.

Because -o is the standard noun ending in Esperanto.

So:

• lando = country
• domo = house
• urbo = city

This makes Esperanto very regular. You can often spot the part of speech just by the ending:

• -o = noun
• -a = adjective
• -e = adverb
• -i = infinitive verb

That is why you get:

• lando = country
• alia = other/another
• vojaĝi = to travel

Yes, Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, but the neutral and most common order is the one used here:

• Ŝi vojaĝas al alia lando.

Because Esperanto uses endings and prepositions clearly, other orders are sometimes possible for emphasis. However, for learners, it is best to stick with the normal pattern:

• subject + verb + prepositional phrase

So this sentence is a very natural basic word order.

Only because it is the first word of the sentence.

In Esperanto, pronouns like ŝi, li, and mi are not normally capitalized in the middle of a sentence.

So:

• Ŝi vojaĝas al alia lando.
• Mi vidas ŝin.

The capital letter here is just ordinary sentence capitalization.