Mi anoncos la programon morgaŭ.

Yes. Mi is the Esperanto pronoun for I.

Unlike English, Esperanto pronouns do not change for subject/object in the same way for I/me. The subject form is mi, and the object form would be min if needed.

In this sentence, Mi is the subject: the person doing the announcing.

Esperanto usually shows tense with a single verb ending instead of using an extra helping verb like will.

• anonci = to announce
• anoncas = announce / am announcing
• anoncis = announced
• anoncos = will announce

So anoncos means will announce. The ending -os marks the future tense.

The base form is anonci, meaning to announce.

You can break anoncos down like this:

• anonc- = the root, related to announcing
• -os = future tense ending

So anoncos literally means announce-will or simply will announce.

The -n marks the direct object in Esperanto. It shows what is being affected by the action.

In this sentence:

• Mi = I
• anoncos = will announce
• la programon = the program / schedule / programme

So la programon is the thing being announced, which is why it takes -n.

Without the -n, programo would just be the basic noun form.

La is the definite article, meaning the.

So:

• programon = a program / program (as object)
• la programon = the program (as object)

Esperanto has only one article, la, and it does not change for gender, number, or case. Even though programon has -n, la stays the same.

Morgaŭ means tomorrow.

Here it works as a time adverb, telling you when the action will happen:

• Mi anoncos la programon morgaŭ.
• I will announce the program tomorrow.

It does not need any extra word like on or in. Esperanto often uses time words directly as adverbs.

Not completely. Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, especially because the -n ending helps show what the object is.

So these can all be understood:

• Mi anoncos la programon morgaŭ.
• Morgaŭ mi anoncos la programon.
• La programon mi anoncos morgaŭ.

The most neutral version is the original one. Changing the order usually changes emphasis, not the basic meaning.

Because of the -n ending.

In Esperanto, the direct object usually takes -n. Since programon has -n, it must be the object. That means Mi is the subject.

This is one reason Esperanto can allow more flexible word order than English.

It comes from:

• program- = the root
• -o = noun ending
• -n = accusative/direct-object ending

So:

• programo = program
• programon = program, as a direct object

This kind of building-block structure is very common in Esperanto.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

Mee ah-non-TSOS lah proh-GRA-mon mor-GA-oo

A few helpful points:

• Mi sounds like mee
• c in Esperanto is always like ts
• anoncos is pronounced roughly ah-NON-tsos
• g is always a hard g, as in go
• aŭ in morgaŭ sounds roughly like ow in cow
• Stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable:
  • aNONcos
  • proGRAmon
  • morGAŬ

Yes. Depending on context, programo can mean things like:

• a schedule
• an agenda
• a planned set of events
• a program
• sometimes a computer program

In a sentence like this, it often means the program, the schedule, or the agenda, depending on what has already been discussed.

Usually, yes, you include it.

Esperanto verbs do not change for different persons:

• mi anoncos = I will announce
• vi anoncos = you will announce
• li anoncos = he will announce

Because the verb form anoncos is the same with different subjects, the pronoun is normally needed unless the subject is already very clear from context.

Yes, very naturally.

For example:

• Morgaŭ mi anoncos la programon.

This means the same thing, but it gives a bit more emphasis to tomorrow.

Putting time expressions first is very common in Esperanto.