Het voorste wiel draait niet goed.

Because wiel is a het-word in Dutch. Dutch nouns take either de or het as their definite article, and wiel happens to be neuter, so it uses het:

• het wiel = the wheel
• de wielen = the wheels

This is something you usually have to learn with the noun.

Because the adjective comes before the noun and is being used attributively: het voorste wiel.

In Dutch, adjectives before a noun usually take -e, especially when the noun phrase is definite, as it is here with het.

Compare:

• het voorste wiel = the front wheel
• het wiel is vooraan = the wheel is at the front

So voorste is the correct form before wiel in this sentence.

Voorste means front or frontmost here.

Dutch often uses voorste where English simply says front:

• het voorste wiel = the front wheel
• de voorste deur = the front door

It can also have the sense of the one in front when there are several things.

Yes, often you can.

• het voorwiel = the front wheel
• het achterwiel = the rear wheel

This is especially common for things like bicycles, motorcycles, or cars.

The difference is small:

• het voorwiel sounds like a standard compound noun
• het voorste wiel feels a bit more descriptive: the wheel at the front

Both are natural, depending on context.

Because the subject is singular: het voorste wiel.

The verb draaien is the infinitive, and in the present tense it changes:

• ik draai
• jij draait
• het wiel draait
• wij draaien

So with a singular subject like het voorste wiel, you use draait.

Here draait means turns, spins, or rotates.

For a wheel, draaien is the normal verb to describe the motion of turning. It can also be used for machines or engines in some contexts.

So this sentence suggests that the front wheel is not turning properly or smoothly.

In a normal Dutch main clause, the conjugated verb usually comes early in the sentence, often in the second position. That is why you get:

• Het voorste wiel draait niet goed.

The structure is:

• subject: Het voorste wiel
• finite verb: draait
• negation + adverb: niet goed

So niet usually comes after the finite verb in this kind of sentence.

Not exactly.

• niet goed = not well, not properly
• slecht = badly, poor, bad

In a mechanical context, draait niet goed often sounds more natural than draait slecht, because it suggests that something is wrong with how it is functioning or moving.

So:

• Het voorste wiel draait niet goed = the front wheel is not turning properly

That is slightly more idiomatic here than using slecht.

Yes. It is very normal for machines, wheels, motors, engines, and similar things.

Examples:

• De motor draait goed. = The engine runs well.
• Het wiel draait soepel. = The wheel turns smoothly.
• De machine draait niet goed. = The machine is not running properly.

So draait niet goed is a very natural way to describe a mechanical problem.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

het VOOR-stuh VEEL dryt neet khoot

A few important points:

• w in Dutch sounds somewhere between English v and w
• wiel sounds roughly like veel, but with a Dutch w
• draait rhymes roughly with English bite, but starts with dr
• goed has a Dutch g/ch sound that does not exist in standard English

A more phonetic approximation is:

/hət ˈvoːrstə ʋil draːit nit ɣut/

In everyday speech, het is often pronounced very lightly.