De kat ligt in het gras.

Breakdown of De kat ligt in het gras.

de kat
the cat
in
in
liggen
to lie
het gras
the grass
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Questions & Answers about De kat ligt in het gras.

Why do we use de in de kat but het in het gras?

Dutch has two definite articles: de for common-gender nouns and het for neuter nouns.
kat is a common-gender noun → de kat
gras is a neuter noun → het gras

How can I tell which nouns use de and which use het?

Unfortunately, there’s no foolproof rule. Tips:
• Most living beings (animals, people) are de-words.
• Diminutives (ending in -je) are always neuter → het huisje.
• Learn noun genders with vocabulary; consult a dictionary (it will list de/het).

Why is the verb liggen in the form ligt here?

This is simple verb conjugation in the present tense for the third-person singular (hij/zij/het):
• ik lig
• jij ligt
• hij/zij/het ligt

Since de kat = “the cat” is third-person singular, we use ligt.

What would the verb look like if the subject were plural?

Plural subjects use the infinitive form:
• De katten liggen in het gras.
(“The cats lie in the grass.”)

Why do we say in het gras instead of in gras?
In Dutch, a noun after a preposition usually keeps its article unless it’s very abstract or generic. Here, het gras is a specific stretch of grass, so you include the article. Omitting it (in gras) sounds unnatural.
Can in het be contracted?

In informal speech or writing you might see:
in ’t gras
But in standard Dutch (especially writing), you keep both words: in het gras.

What’s the usual word order in this sentence?

De kat ligt in het gras. follows Subject–Verb–Adverbial pattern:

  1. Subject: De kat
  2. Verb: ligt
  3. Prepositional phrase (location): in het gras
Could we use zit instead of ligt, and what’s the difference?

Yes: De kat zit in het gras.
zit = “is sitting” (upright position)
ligt = “is lying” (horizontal position)

How do I say “a cat lies in the grass” using an indefinite article?

Replace de with een (a/an):
Een kat ligt in het gras.

How do you pronounce De kat ligt in het gras?

Approximate phonetics (Northern Dutch):
/ də kɑt lɪxt ɪn ɦɛt ɣrɑs /
g in ligt is or voiced [ɣ] depending on region
r typically a guttural [ʁ] or tapped [r] in the Netherlands