Jeg låner sukker hos naboen.

Låner is the present tense of the verb at låne, meaning to borrow or to lend, depending on context.

In this sentence, because the subject is jeg and the object is sukker, it means I borrow / I am borrowing.

A useful thing to know is that Danish verbs do not change for different persons: jeg låner, du låner, han låner, vi låner.

It can mean both.

Danish usually uses the simple present where English might use either:

• I borrow sugar from the neighbor
• I am borrowing sugar from the neighbor

The exact meaning depends on context. If you need to make the ongoing action extra clear, Danish can use other expressions, but the plain present tense often does the job by itself.

Because sukker is being used as an uncountable noun, like sugar in English.

With mass nouns in Danish, you often do not need an article:

• Jeg køber brød = I buy bread
• Hun drikker kaffe = She drinks coffee
• Jeg låner sukker = I borrow sugar

If you want to make it a bit more explicit, you could also say noget sukker, meaning some sugar.

In Danish, the definite article is often attached to the end of the noun.

So:

• en nabo = a neighbor
• naboen = the neighbor

This is a very common Danish pattern. English uses a separate word (the), but Danish often adds the ending directly to the noun.

Nabo is the basic noun form, and naboen is the definite singular form.

So:

• nabo = neighbor
• en nabo = a neighbor
• naboen = the neighbor

In this sentence, naboen refers to a specific, identifiable neighbor, not just any neighbor.

Hos often means something like at, with, or from the place/person of someone.

In Jeg låner sukker hos naboen, it shows that the sugar is being borrowed from the neighbor, or at the neighbor’s place.

This is a common use of hos with people:

• Jeg er hos lægen = I am at the doctor’s
• Hun bor hos sin søster = She lives with her sister

Here, hos naboen points to the neighbor as the source.

Yes, af naboen is also very natural and is often a very direct way to say from the neighbor.

So you may hear:

• Jeg låner sukker af naboen

That is probably the most straightforward way to express I borrow sugar from the neighbor.

Hos naboen is also understandable and natural, but it can feel a little more connected to the neighbor as a person/place. Fra is usually less idiomatic with låne in this kind of sentence.

Literally, it means the neighbor.

But in real use, Danish often uses the definite form where English might naturally say my neighbor, if the person is obvious from context.

So depending on the situation, naboen may be understood as:

• the neighbor
• my neighbor
• our neighbor

The exact English wording depends on the context, even though the Danish word itself is just naboen.

The basic word order is:

Jeg + låner + sukker + hos naboen
subject + verb + object + adverbial phrase

That is a very standard Danish sentence pattern.

If you move hos naboen to the front, Danish keeps the verb in second position: Hos naboen låner jeg sukker.

That verb-second pattern is very important in Danish.

For a yes/no question, Danish usually puts the verb before the subject:

Låner du sukker hos naboen?
= Do you borrow / Are you borrowing sugar from the neighbor?

So the statement: Jeg låner sukker hos naboen.

becomes a question by switching the order: Låner jeg sukker hos naboen?

No. Naboen does not tell you the person’s natural gender.

The ending -en here is a grammatical marker for the definite singular form of a common-gender noun. It does not mean the neighbor is male.

So naboen can refer to:

• a male neighbor
• a female neighbor
• a neighbor of unspecified gender

Context tells you who the person is.