Pes může utéct.

Because pes is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

• pes = nominative singular, dog
• psa = usually accusative or genitive singular

In Pes může utéct, the dog is the one doing the action, so Czech uses pes.

A useful extra note: pes is a somewhat irregular noun. Its stem often changes in other cases:

• nominative: pes
• genitive: psa
• dative: psovi / psu
• locative: psovi / psu

So if you see psa, that is still the same word, just in a different case.

Může is the 3rd person singular form of the verb moci / moct, meaning can / is able to / may.

So:

• já můžu / mohu = I can
• ty můžeš = you can
• on/ona/ono může = he/she/it can

In this sentence, pes is singular, so Czech uses může.

Depending on context, může can express:

• ability: the dog is able to escape
• possibility: the dog might escape / could escape
• sometimes even permission, though that depends on context

Because after the modal verb může, Czech normally uses an infinitive.

So the structure is:

• může + infinitive

Examples:

• Pes může utéct. = The dog can escape / run away.
• Může spát. = He/She can sleep.
• Můžu přijít. = I can come.

This is similar to English can + base verb:

• can escape
• can sleep
• can come

Czech does not use an extra word like English to here.

This is a question about aspect, which is very important in Czech.

• utéct is perfective
• utíkat is imperfective

Very roughly:

• utéct = to get away / to escape as a complete event
• utíkat = to be running away / to run away repeatedly or in progress

In Pes může utéct, utéct suggests that the dog can successfully get away. It focuses on the escape as a whole event.

If you said Pes může utíkat, it would sound more like:

• the dog can be running away
• the dog can run away in general / habitually

So utéct is the more natural choice if the idea is the dog can escape.

It can cover more than one English idea, depending on context.

Most commonly it means something like:

• The dog can escape.
• The dog may escape.
• The dog might escape.

Czech může often leaves some ambiguity that English would resolve through context.

For example:

• If you are talking about the dog’s abilities, it means can.
• If you are warning someone, it may feel like might / may.
• If you are allowing it, it could mean may, though that is less likely here without context.

So the exact English translation depends on the situation, even if the Czech sentence stays the same.

Because Czech has no articles.

English distinguishes:

• a dog
• the dog

Czech usually just says:

• pes

Context tells you whether it means:

• a dog
• the dog
• sometimes even dogs in broader generic statements, depending on structure

So Pes může utéct could mean:

• The dog can escape
• A dog can escape

In most real situations, context makes it clear which one is meant.

No. Czech word order is fairly flexible, because case endings do a lot of the grammatical work.

The neutral order here is:

• Pes může utéct.

But other orders are possible, with different emphasis:

• Může pes utéct? = Can the dog escape?
• Utéct může pes. = It is the dog that can escape / The dog can escape.
• Pes utéct může. = The dog can escape.
  This can sound a bit more emphatic or contrastive.

So the basic meaning stays similar, but word order often changes focus, emphasis, or sentence type.

A simple approximation is:

• pes MOO-zhe oo-TAYKT

A few helpful pronunciation points:

• Pes sounds like pess
• ů in může is pronounced like a long oo
• ž sounds like the s in measure
• é is a long eh
• ct in utéct is pronounced together; it can feel a bit tricky at first

Also, Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word:

• PES
• MŮ-že
• U-téct

So the stress pattern is:

• PES MŮ-že U-téct

Yes, utéct is a very common everyday verb. It means to escape or to run away.

It is especially used for situations like:

• a dog running away
• a child running off
• someone escaping from a place

You may also meet related forms:

• utíká = he/she/it is running away
• uteče = he/she/it will escape / gets away
• utekl = he escaped / ran away

So utéct is a useful verb to learn early.

Sometimes yes, but not with the same meaning.

Czech often omits subject pronouns like he, she, it, because the verb form already shows the person and number. But here the subject is a noun, pes, and that gives specific information: it is the dog that can escape.

If you just said:

• Může utéct.

that would mean:

• He/She/It can escape
• or It may escape

But you would no longer be explicitly saying the dog.

So Czech can omit subjects, but only when the context already makes them clear.

Yes. Pes is a masculine animate noun.

That matters in Czech because noun gender affects:

• adjective endings
• pronouns
• some past-tense forms
• case endings

In this particular sentence, gender does not change the form of může or utéct, so the sentence itself does not show much of that. But in other sentences it will matter a lot.

For example:

• Ten pes je velký. = That dog is big.
• Vidím psa. = I see the dog.

So it is useful to learn pes together with its gender: masculine animate.