Questions & Answers about Pas je starý, je však stále platný.
Yes, pas can have more than one meaning in Czech, just like some English words do.
In this sentence, pas means passport. That is clear from the adjective platný (valid), because documents like passports, tickets, and IDs are commonly described as platný / neplatný (valid / invalid).
So although pas can mean other things in other contexts, here the surrounding words make passport the natural interpretation.