Daná metoda je jednoduchá.

Here daná means given, specified, or the particular one being discussed.

So daná metoda is often understood as the given method or the method in question. In formal, technical, or academic Czech, this is very common.

Because both words refer to metoda, and metoda is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

In Czech, adjectives agree with the noun they describe.

• daná metoda = given method
• metoda je jednoduchá = the method is simple

Even though jednoduchá comes after je, it still agrees with metoda.

Compare:

• daný postup je jednoduchý = masculine
• daná metoda je jednoduchá = feminine
• dané řešení je jednoduché = neuter

It is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

That is also why the adjectives are in nominative singular feminine:

• daná
• jednoduchá

If metoda were in another case, the adjective forms would change too. For example:

• Vidím danou metodu.
  Here danou metodu is accusative singular.

Je is the 3rd person singular present tense of být = to be.

So:

• metoda je jednoduchá = the method is simple

In normal standard Czech, you usually keep je in this kind of sentence. Leaving it out would sound incomplete, except in special styles like notes, headlines, or very compressed writing.

Because Czech has no articles. It does not have separate words corresponding directly to English a and the.

Whether something is a method or the method is understood from context. In this sentence, daná helps give the sense of the given / that particular method.

Yes, absolutely.

But the nuance is a little different:

• tato metoda = this method
• daná metoda = the given method, the specified method, the method in question

So tato points to something more directly, while daná often sounds a bit more formal or technical.

The sentence has a very normal, neutral word order:

• Daná metoda je jednoduchá.

This is the most natural version in most contexts.

Czech word order is flexible, but changing it usually changes emphasis. For example, moving jednoduchá to the front would sound marked and would need a special context.

So for a learner, this sentence is a good model of standard word order.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

DA-ná ME-to-da ye YED-no-du-chá

A few useful points:

• Stress is usually on the first syllable of each word.
• á is a long vowel.
• j sounds like English y.
• ch is the throat sound heard in German Bach or Scottish loch.

Historically, daný / daná / dané comes from the verb dát and is related to a passive participle.

But in a sentence like this, it behaves just like a regular adjective:

• it agrees with the noun
• it declines like an adjective
• it can be used in many ordinary descriptive contexts

So for practical learning, it is best to treat daná here as an adjective meaning given or specified.