Pneumatika je špinavá.

Because pneumatika is a feminine singular noun, and Czech adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

• pneumatika = feminine singular
• so the adjective is špinavá = feminine singular

Compare:

• špinavý = masculine
• špinavá = feminine
• špinavé = neuter

So Pneumatika je špinavá. is a normal example of adjective agreement.

Pneumatika is feminine.

A useful clue is that many Czech nouns ending in -a are feminine, and pneumatika follows that pattern. That is why it takes the feminine adjective form špinavá.

Je means is. It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb být (to be).

So:

• pneumatika = the tire
• je = is
• špinavá = dirty

Unlike in Russian, for example, Czech normally does use the present-tense form of to be in sentences like this.

In normal standard Czech, no—you usually keep it.

So the natural sentence is:

• Pneumatika je špinavá.

Leaving out je would sound incomplete or unnatural in standard speech, except in some special styles like headlines, notes, or very informal fragments.

Not completely. Czech word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral version is:

• Pneumatika je špinavá.

But you may also hear:

• Špinavá je pneumatika.
• Špinavá pneumatika = a dirty tire

Changing the order often changes the focus or emphasis, not the basic meaning.

For a beginner, Pneumatika je špinavá. is the safest and most neutral order.

Yes.

In this sentence:

• pneumatika is the subject, so it is in the nominative
• špinavá is a predicate adjective after je, and it also appears in the nominative

So this is a straightforward nominative sentence: subject + být + adjective

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation guide is:

• pneumatika ≈ pneh-oo-MAH-tee-kah
• je ≈ yeh
• špinavá ≈ shpih-nah-VAH

A few useful notes:

• š sounds like sh in shoe
• j sounds like English y in yes
• á is a long vowel
• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of the word:
  • PNEUmatika
  • ŠPInavá

The accent mark in á shows that the vowel is long.

So:

• a = short
• á = long

This length matters in Czech pronunciation, and sometimes it can help distinguish forms. In špinavá, the final -á is the normal feminine singular ending of the adjective.

It is a correct word, but in everyday speech many Czechs often say guma or use other context-dependent words.

Still, pneumatika is a perfectly good standard word and is commonly understood. It can sound a bit more specific or technical than the most casual everyday word, depending on context.

So for learning grammar, Pneumatika je špinavá. is completely fine.

You add není (is not) instead of je:

• Pneumatika není špinavá. = The tire is not dirty.

So:

• je = is
• není = is not

This is the normal way to negate the sentence.

You need to make both the noun and the adjective plural, and also change the verb:

• Pneumatiky jsou špinavé.

Breakdown:

• pneumatika → pneumatiky = tires
• je → jsou = are
• špinavá → špinavé = dirty (plural here)

So Czech changes several words at once to match number.

Yes. That means That tire is dirty or The tire is dirty, depending on context.

• ta = that / the-like demonstrative for feminine singular

So:

• Pneumatika je špinavá. = The tire is dirty. / A tire is dirty.
• Ta pneumatika je špinavá. = That tire is dirty.

Czech has no true articles like the and a, so words like ten / ta / to sometimes help make the noun more specific.

A very common way is just to use rising intonation in speech:

• Pneumatika je špinavá? = Is the tire dirty?

You can also use a more explicit pattern such as:

• Je pneumatika špinavá?

Both are understandable. The version with Je first is especially clear as a question for learners.