zhèxiē shícái gòu le.

Because 够 here works like a state word/adjective meaning "to be enough", and in Mandarin, words of this type can act as the predicate without 是.

So:

• 这些食材够了 = These ingredients are enough
• literally: These ingredients enough now

Using 是 here would sound unnatural. This is similar to:

• 菜好了 = The dish is ready.
• 钱够了 = The money is enough.

So Chinese often does not need a separate verb like English is/are in this kind of sentence.

The 了 here is the sentence-final 了, which often shows a new situation or change of state.

So 这些食材够了 does not just mean these ingredients are enough in an abstract sense. It often suggests:

• Now they’re enough
• We have enough ingredients now
• After checking/adding some, it turns out this is enough

Without 了:

• 这些食材够 sounds incomplete or unnatural in most everyday situations.

With 了:

• it sounds natural and complete.

Also, this 了 is not simply a past tense marker. It does not mean the sentence is in the past. It marks a change in the situation.

够 means enough / sufficient.

In this sentence, it means the ingredients are sufficient for some purpose that is understood from context, such as:

• enough for the recipe
• enough for the meal
• enough for the guests

够 is very common in spoken Mandarin. It can appear in several patterns, for example:

• 钱够了。 = The money is enough.
• 三个人吃够了。 = It’s enough for three people to eat.
• 够不够？ = Is it enough or not?

So in 这些食材够了, 够 is the main predicate: to be enough.

Because 些 already functions as a kind of built-in plural element in 这些.

• 这 = this
• 这些 = these

So 这些食材 means these ingredients, and you do not add another classifier after 这些.

Compare:

• 这些食材 = these ingredients
• 这三个食材 = these three ingredients

In the second one, a number is involved, so you use a measure word structure. But with 这些, no extra classifier is needed.

Not exactly.

食材 specifically means ingredients used for cooking, especially edible items like vegetables, meat, tofu, mushrooms, and so on.

材料 is broader and can mean:

• material
• ingredients
• data/information
• stuff used to make something

So:

• 食材 = food ingredients
• 材料 = materials / ingredients in a broader sense

In a kitchen context, both might sometimes be understood, but 食材 is more specifically about food items themselves.

Chinese nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural the way English nouns do.

So 食材 can mean:

• ingredient
• ingredients

The word 这些 is what makes it clearly plural here:

• 这食材 is not normal
• 这个食材 = this ingredient
• 这些食材 = these ingredients

So the plurality comes from 这些, not from changing the noun itself.

Because Mandarin very often leaves out information that is obvious from context.

In real conversation, if everyone is talking about cooking one dish or preparing one meal, then saying:

• 这些食材够了。

is enough by itself.

The missing idea might be:

• enough for tonight
• enough for the recipe
• enough for everyone
• enough to cook with

Chinese frequently omits this kind of information when the listener can easily infer it.

Yes.

• 这些食材够了。 = natural, common, conversational
• 这些食材足够了。 = a bit more formal or emphatic
• 这些食材已经够了。 = emphasizes already enough now

Nuance:

• 够了 = enough
• 足够了 = fully enough / sufficient
• 已经够了 = already enough

In everyday speech, 够了 is often the most natural choice.

It is the same word, but the meaning depends on context.

By itself:

• 够了！ can mean Enough! That’s enough! Stop!

But in this sentence:

• 这些食材够了。

it clearly means:

• These ingredients are enough.

So 够了 can either mean:

1. be enough / be sufficient, or
2. Enough!, as an exclamation

The subject 这些食材 makes the meaning clear here.