wǒ zǎoshang fāshāo le, hái yǒudiǎnr tóuténg, suǒyǐ méi qù shàngkè.

In this sentence, 了 marks a new situation or change of state: the speaker came down with a fever.

So 发烧了 does not just mean have a fever in a neutral dictionary sense; it often suggests started having a fever or was feverish as a current condition that had come about.

Compare:

• 我发烧。 = I have a fever / I get fevers.
  This sounds incomplete or less natural by itself in everyday conversation.
• 我发烧了。 = I have a fever / I got a fever.
  This is the natural way to report that you’re sick now.

Here, 了 helps set up the reason for what follows: because this happened, the speaker did not go to class.

Mandarin usually puts time words before the verb phrase.

So:

• 我早上发烧了 = I got a fever in the morning

This follows a very common word order pattern:

Subject + time + verb/action

Examples:

• 我今天上课。 = I have class today.
• 他昨天没来。 = He didn’t come yesterday.
• 我们晚上吃饭。 = We eat dinner in the evening.

English often puts time expressions at the beginning or end, but in Chinese, placing them before the verb is extremely common and natural.

Usually, no.

With common time words such as 今天, 昨天, 早上, 晚上, 明天, Mandarin normally does not use 在.

So this is natural:

• 我早上发烧了。

Not usually:

• 我在早上发烧了。

Using 在 here would sound unnecessary or unnatural in most everyday speech.

发烧 means to have a fever.

It is a verb-object style expression in origin, but in modern Mandarin it functions very much like a normal verb phrase meaning be feverish / run a fever.

Examples:

• 我发烧了。 = I have a fever.
• 他昨天发烧了。 = He had a fever yesterday.

Learners sometimes expect a structure like 我有发烧, but that is not correct. Chinese normally says:

• 我发烧了
• 我在发烧 is possible in some contexts, but much less common for simply reporting illness

So just treat 发烧 as the normal way to say have a fever.

还有点儿头疼 means also a little headache / also a bit of a headache / also my head hurt a little.

Breakdown:

• 还 = also / in addition
• 有点儿 = a little bit, somewhat
• 头疼 = have a headache / head hurts

So the whole chunk means:

• and also had a bit of a headache

Why this form?

1. 还 links an additional symptom

The speaker already mentioned fever, and now adds another symptom:

• 发烧了，还有点儿头疼
  = had a fever, and also had a bit of a headache

2. 有点儿 often expresses somewhat with an unpleasant condition

Chinese frequently uses 有点儿 before adjectives or stative conditions:

• 有点儿累 = a little tired
• 有点儿冷 = a little cold
• 有点儿不舒服 = a little uncomfortable

Here 头疼 behaves similarly.

3. 也有一点头疼 is less natural here

A native speaker is much more likely to say:

• 还有点儿头疼
• 也有点儿头疼

than:

• 也有一点头疼

The version in the sentence sounds smoother and more conversational.

This is a very common learner question.

有点儿

Usually means a little, often with a sense of somewhat and often used with negative or undesirable situations.

Examples:

• 有点儿累 = a little tired
• 有点儿贵 = a little expensive
• 有点儿头疼 = have a bit of a headache

一点儿

Often means a little bit in a more neutral, measurable sense.

Examples:

• 一点儿水 = a little water
• 说慢一点儿 = speak a little more slowly
• 我懂一点儿中文。 = I understand a little Chinese.

So in this sentence, 有点儿头疼 is natural because headache is an unpleasant condition.

Here 头疼 functions like a stative verb/predicate, meaning to have a headache or one’s head hurts.

So:

• 我头疼。 = I have a headache.
• 他有点儿头疼。 = He has a bit of a headache.

Chinese often does not need a verb equivalent to have in these body-condition expressions.

Compare:

• 我肚子疼。 = My stomach hurts.
• 我牙疼。 = My tooth hurts / I have toothache.
• 我头疼。 = My head hurts / I have a headache.

So it is best to learn 头疼 as a whole expression.

Because this sentence talks about a completed past event: the speaker didn’t go to class.

In Mandarin:

• 没 is commonly used to negate past actions or things that did not happen
• 不 is usually used for present/future, habit, or unwillingness

So:

• 我没去上课。 = I didn’t go to class.
• 我不去上课。 = I’m not going to class / I refuse to go to class / I don’t go to class.

In this sentence, the fever and headache happened earlier, and as a result the speaker did not attend class, so 没 is the correct choice.

上课 means attend class, go to class, or sometimes be in class / start class, depending on context.

In this sentence:

• 去上课 = go attend class

Breakdown:

• 去 = go
• 上课 = attend class / have class

So 没去上课 literally is something like:

• didn’t go attend class

This is completely natural in Chinese.

A few related expressions:

• 我去学校。 = I’m going to school.
• 我去上课。 = I’m going to class.
• 我们今天不上课。 = We don’t have class today / We’re not having class today.

所以 means so or therefore. It introduces the result of the earlier situation.

The sentence structure is:

• Reason: 我早上发烧了，还有点儿头疼
• Result: 所以没去上课

So the logic is:

• I had a fever in the morning and also had a bit of a headache, so I didn’t go to class.

This is a very common pattern in Mandarin:

• 因为……所以…… = because... so...
• Sometimes 因为 is omitted when the reason is already clear, as in this sentence

So this sentence could also be expanded to:

• 我早上发烧了，还有点儿头疼，所以没去上课。
• 因为我早上发烧了，还有点儿头疼，所以没去上课。

Both are fine.

Yes, often it can.

Chinese frequently omits repeated subjects when they are obvious from context. So once 我 is established at the beginning, the second clause does not need to repeat it.

That is why:

• 我早上发烧了，还有点儿头疼，所以没去上课。

sounds natural.

A fuller version would be:

• 我早上发烧了，还有点儿头疼，所以我没去上课。

This is also grammatically correct, but the extra 我 is not necessary.

The comma separates the sentence into natural meaning groups:

• 我早上发烧了，
• 还有点儿头疼，
• 所以没去上课。

This helps show the flow:

1. first symptom
2. additional symptom
3. result

Chinese punctuation often marks pauses based on meaning and rhythm. It is not always exactly the same as English comma usage, but here the commas make the sentence easier to read and sound very natural.

点儿 is pronounced roughly like diǎnr.

The 儿 here is an example of erhua, an added r-colored ending common in northern Mandarin, especially in Beijing-style speech. In standard Mandarin, 有点儿 is a very common pronunciation.

So:

• 有点儿 = yǒudiǎnr

In slower or more careful speech, some learners may hear or say something closer to:

• yǒu diǎn er

But in natural connected speech, it is usually more merged.

You will also often see it written without the full tone marks in casual explanations as:

• yǒudiǎnr

Yes, that kind of literal breakdown can help you understand the structure, but it is not good English.

A more helpful literal gloss would be:

• I, in the morning, got/had a fever, also was a bit head-achy, so did not go attend class.

This shows several important things about Mandarin:

• time comes early: 早上
• health conditions can act like verbs: 发烧, 头疼
• 了 marks a new situation
• 没 negates a past action
• 上课 is a fixed expression meaning attend class

So a literal gloss can be useful for study, but the natural English translation should still be something like:

• I had a fever in the morning and also had a bit of a headache, so I didn’t go to class.