nà jiā yínháng zài gōngyuán fùjìn.

家 (jiā) is a measure word (classifier) here. In this sentence, the structure is:

• 那 + 家 + 银行 = that + classifier + bank → that bank

In Chinese, you normally need a classifier between a demonstrative like 这 / 那 (this / that) and a noun:

• ✅ 那家银行
• ❌ 那银行 (sounds wrong or very unnatural)

家 is the common classifier for many businesses or institutions, such as:

• 一家银行 – a bank
• 一家公司 – a company
• 一家饭馆 – a restaurant
• 一家商店 – a shop
• 一家医院 – a hospital

So 那家银行 literally means “that (classifier for an establishment) bank.”

You can say 那个银行, and people will understand you. However, in everyday speech:

• 那 + classifier + noun is the most natural pattern:
  • 那家银行
  • 那个人
  • 那辆车

When you use 个 as the classifier, it becomes:

• 那个 + noun (because 个 is already the classifier)
  • 那个人 (not 那个个 人)

But 银行 normally does not take 个 as its default classifier in standard usage; 家 is more natural. So:

• ✅ 那家银行 – the normal, idiomatic way
• ❓ 那个银行 – grammatically understandable but sounds off to native speakers

Use 那家银行 in this sentence.

在 (zài) is a location verb / preposition meaning “to be located at / in / on.”

The core pattern here is:

• [Subject] + 在 + [Place]

So:

• 那家银行在公园附近。
  That bank is near the park.

You cannot normally omit 在 here:

• ❌ 那家银行公园附近。 (ungrammatical)

Think of 在 as the word that links the subject to the place. Without it, the sentence loses its basic grammatical structure.

附近 basically means “nearby / in the vicinity / the area around (somewhere)”.

In 那家银行在公园附近, the structure is:

• 公园 = the park
• 附近 = the area near it

Together: 公园附近 ≈ “the area near the park”.

Grammar-wise, 附近 behaves like a location word:

1. It can follow a place word:

   • 公园附近 – near the park
   • 学校附近 – near the school

2. It can also sometimes be used on its own:

   • 我住在附近。– I live nearby.
   • 你在附近吗？– Are you nearby?

So you can think of it as a location expression meaning “vicinity, nearby.”

Both 附近 and 旁边 are location words, but they differ in how close they suggest:

• 附近 – in the surrounding area / nearby, not necessarily right next to it.

  • 公园附近 = somewhere in the general area around the park

• 旁边 – right next to / beside, usually closer than 附近.

  • 公园旁边 = immediately next to the park (e.g., on the side of the park)

In your sentence:

• 那家银行在公园附近。 → The bank is near the park (maybe a short walk away).
• 那家银行在公园旁边。 → The bank is right next to the park (more like “beside the park”).

Both are grammatically correct; which one you use depends on how close the bank actually is.

Both 公园附近 and 公园的附近 are grammatically possible, but:

• 公园附近 is more natural and idiomatic.
• 公园的附近 sounds more formal, heavier, or sometimes slightly awkward in everyday speech.

With simple place words + location words (like 上, 下, 前面, 后面, 附近), 的 is often omitted:

• 学校附近 (not usually 学校的附近) – near the school
• 门口 (less often 门的口) – at the door
• 桌子上 – on the table

So in normal conversation, say 公园附近.

These two sentences talk about the same situation, but the focus is different.

1. 那家银行在公园附近。

   • Structure: [Known thing] + 在 + [place]
   • Focus: where that specific bank is.
   • Translation: That bank is near the park.

2. 公园附近有一家银行。

   • Structure: [Place] + 有 + [something]
   • This is an existential sentence – it says that there exists a bank near the park.
   • Focus: the existence of a bank in that area.
   • Translation: There is a bank near the park.

Use:

• 在-sentence when you already know which bank you’re talking about and want to say where it is.
• 有-sentence when introducing the fact that there is a bank in that area.

Chinese usually does not mark singular or plural on nouns the way English does.

• 那家银行 most naturally means “that (one) bank”, because:
  • 家 is a classifier for one establishment.
• But as a concept, 银行 is an institution, and sometimes in context 那家银行 can refer to the bank as a company (with many branches).

However, in normal conversation:

• 那家银行 will be understood as “that bank (one specific bank)”.
• If you really want to emphasize multiple banks, you might say:
  • 那几家银行 – those several banks
  • 那些银行 – those banks

In your sentence, 银行 is pronounced:

• 银 – yín (2nd tone)
• 行 – háng (2nd tone)

So together: yín-háng (rising + rising) → 银行 (yínháng) = bank.

The confusion comes from the character 行, which has two common readings:

1. háng

   • 银行 (yínháng) – bank
   • 一行字 (yì háng zì) – a line of text

2. xíng

   • 行吗？(xíng ma?) – Is it OK?
   • 行走 (xíngzǒu) – to walk

In 银行, it is always háng, never xíng. So:

• ✅ 银行 – yínháng
• ❌ yínxíng (wrong meaning & wrong word)

In 那家银行, 那 (nà) is the demonstrative “that”, and it can indicate:

1. Physical distance:

   • Maybe you’re pointing: that bank over there (not this one here).

2. Contextual reference:

   • You and the listener already know which bank you mean:
     • The bank we talked about earlier.
     • That bank you always go to.

3. Emotional or attitudinal tone (from context and pronunciation):

   • Depending on tone of voice, it can carry positive, neutral, or negative feeling:
     • 那家银行服务很好。– That bank’s service is really good. (praise)
     • 那家银行太慢了。– That bank is too slow. (complaint)

The basic grammatical function is just “that”, and extra nuance comes from context and tone, not from the word itself alone.