tā huì chàng hěnduō gē.

Here 会 means to know how to or to be able to because of learned skill.

So 会唱 suggests that singing is something he has learned or is capable of doing as a skill.

Yes, 会 can also mean will in other sentences.

In this sentence, though, it is most naturally understood as ability, because it is followed by 唱很多歌, which sounds like a skill statement.

• 他会唱很多歌 = he knows how to sing many songs / he can sing many songs
• A future reading would usually need clearer context, such as a time word:
  • 他明天会唱很多歌 = he will sing many songs tomorrow

So context tells you which meaning is intended.

These words can all relate to can, but they are not the same.

• 会 = ability from learning, skill, knowing how
  
  • 他会唱歌 = he knows how to sing
• 能 = ability because circumstances allow it, or physical possibility
  
  • 他今天能唱歌 = he is able to sing today
• 可以 = permission, or sometimes possibility
  
  • 他可以唱歌 = he may sing / he is allowed to sing

In this sentence, 会 is the best choice because singing is being treated as a skill.

Because 会 is a modal verb in this sentence, and modal verbs normally come before the main verb in Mandarin.

So the pattern is:

subject + modal + main verb + object

Here:

• 他 = subject
• 会 = modal
• 唱 = main verb
• 很多歌 = object

This word order is very common in Chinese.

In Mandarin, the object usually comes after the verb.

So:

• 唱歌 = sing songs / sing
• 唱很多歌 = sing many songs

The order is straightforward:

verb + quantity/modifier + noun

That is why 很多歌 comes after 唱.

Because 很多 directly modifies the noun 歌, and with common quantity words like this, 的 is usually not used.

So:

• 很多歌 = natural
• 很多的歌 = possible in some contexts, but less neutral here

Using 的 can make the phrase sound more descriptive or marked, while 很多歌 is the normal everyday form.

Good question. With numbers, a measure word is required:

• 三首歌 = three songs

But with 很多, the measure word is often optional.

So both are possible:

• 很多歌 = very natural, common
• 很多首歌 = also correct, a little more explicit

For learners, 很多歌 is perfectly fine and very common.

Because Mandarin nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural.

So 歌 can mean:

• song
• songs

The quantity is shown by other words, such as:

• 一首歌 = one song
• 很多歌 = many songs

English marks plural on the noun; Chinese usually does not.

Yes.

• 他会唱歌 = he can sing / he knows how to sing
• 他会唱很多歌 = he can sing many songs

The shorter sentence is more general.
The original sentence adds extra information: not only can he sing, but he knows or can perform many songs.

No, not here.

This sentence is a general ability statement, so no aspect marker is needed.

• 了 often shows change or completion
• 过 often shows past experience

So:

• 他会唱很多歌 = general fact about his ability

That is the most natural form.

No. In spoken Mandarin:

• 他 = tā
• 她 = tā

They sound the same. The difference is only visible in writing.

So if you only hear the sentence, you need context to know whether it means he or she.

The pinyin is:

tā huì chàng hěn duō gē

Tones:

• 他 tā — first tone
• 会 huì — fourth tone
• 唱 chàng — fourth tone
• 很 hěn — third tone
• 多 duō — first tone
• 歌 gē — first tone

A natural rhythm is:

tā huì | chàng hěn duō gē

Try not to stress every word equally. Often 会 or 很多 gets a little more emphasis, depending on what you want to highlight.