wúlùn zuò shénme yùndòng, dōu yào xiān rèshēn.

无论……都…… is a very common pattern meaning no matter... , all / in every case....

In this sentence:

• 无论做什么运动 = no matter what sport/exercise you do
• 都要先热身 = you should/must warm up first in every case

So 无论……都…… connects the idea of any possible case with the result that is always true.

A very literal breakdown is:

• 无论 = regardless of / no matter
• 都 = all / in every case / always

They often work together as a pair.

Yes, literally 做什么运动 means do what exercise/sport. But inside the pattern 无论……都……, it means whatever exercise or any kind of exercise.

So:

• 做什么运动 by itself can be a real question:
  • 你做什么运动？
  • What sport do you do?
• But after 无论, it is no longer a question. It becomes an indefinite meaning:
  • 无论做什么运动
  • no matter what exercise you do

This is very common in Chinese: a question word like 什么, 谁, 哪儿 can stop being a real question when used in patterns like 无论……都…….

Chinese often leaves out the subject when it is general, obvious, or not important.

So:

• 无论做什么运动，都要先热身。

does not explicitly say you, but the meaning is something like:

• No matter what exercise you do, you should warm up first.
• or more generally:
• No matter what exercise one does, one should warm up first.

This kind of omitted subject is very normal in Chinese, especially in advice, rules, and general statements.

In this sentence, 都 is an important part of the 无论……都…… structure. It marks the result as applying in all cases.

So:

• 无论做什么运动，都要先热身。 = No matter what exercise you do, you should warm up first.

If you remove 都, the sentence sounds incomplete or unnatural in standard Mandarin because 无论 usually expects a matching word like 都 or sometimes 也 in the main clause.

So for learners, it is best to treat 无论……都…… as a set pattern.

Here 要 does not mean want to. It means something more like:

• should
• need to
• must

So:

• 都要先热身 = all cases require warming up first = you should always warm up first

Chinese 要 can have different meanings depending on context:

• 我要咖啡。 = I want coffee.
• 明天要下雨。 = It is going to rain tomorrow.
• 运动前要热身。 = You should/need to warm up before exercising.

In your sentence, it expresses advice or necessity.

先 means first. It usually comes before the verb it modifies.

So:

• 先热身 = warm up first

Chinese word order is often:

• time/order word + verb

Examples:

• 先吃饭，再学习。 = Eat first, then study.
• 先洗手。 = Wash your hands first.

So 都要先热身 literally feels like:

• in all cases must first warm up

Here 运动 is a noun, meaning exercise or sport/activity.

In 做什么运动:

• 做 = do
• 什么运动 = what exercise / what sport

So 做运动 means do exercise.

But 运动 can also be a verb in other contexts, meaning exercise or move about physically.

For example:

• 我每天运动。 = I exercise every day.

So the word can function in more than one way, depending on the sentence.

Both can be used, but they are not always identical in tone or structure.

• 做运动 often sounds like do exercise / take part in physical activity
• 运动 by itself can mean exercise as a verb

In your sentence, 做什么运动 is very natural because it asks about the type of sport or exercise someone does.

Examples:

• 你做什么运动？ = What sport do you do?
• 我常常运动。 = I often exercise.

So in this sentence, 做 helps introduce the object 什么运动, which is why it sounds natural.

Yes, literally:

• 热 = hot / warm
• 身 = body

So 热身 literally suggests warm the body up, and in real usage it means to warm up before exercise.

It can be used as:

• a verb:
  • 先热身。
  • Warm up first.
• sometimes a noun-like expression in context:
  • 热身很重要。
  • Warming up is important.

It is the standard everyday word for warming up before sports or exercise.

The comma separates the condition/topic part from the main statement.

So the sentence is divided like this:

• 无论做什么运动， = no matter what exercise you do,
• 都要先热身。 = you should warm up first.

This is very common in Chinese when a sentence begins with a long phrase that sets up the condition, topic, or background.

It helps readability, and in speech there is often a slight pause there too.

Yes. 不管……都…… is very similar to 无论……都…… and often means no matter...

So:

• 无论做什么运动，都要先热身。
• 不管做什么运动，都要先热身。

Both are natural.

A rough difference:

• 无论 can sound a little more formal or written
• 不管 can sound a little more conversational

But in everyday usage, both are common and both work well here.

That is a reasonable natural English translation, but there are a couple of nuances.

The Chinese sentence includes 要, which suggests:

• should
• need to
• must

So depending on tone, possible translations include:

• No matter what exercise you do, you should warm up first.
• Whatever sport you do, you need to warm up first.
• Whatever exercise you do, warm up first.

The last version sounds more like a direct instruction in English. The Chinese original is general advice, so should warm up first is often the safest translation.

无论 does not always have to be followed by 什么. It can be used with different question words depending on the meaning you want:

• 无论什么 = no matter what
• 无论谁 = no matter who
• 无论哪儿 / 无论在哪里 = no matter where
• 无论什么时候 = no matter when
• 无论怎么 = no matter how

In your sentence:

• 无论做什么运动 = no matter what exercise you do

So 什么 is there because the idea is what kind of exercise. It is not required in every 无论 sentence, only when the meaning calls for what.