El sou a temps complet és bo.

Here, sou is a noun meaning salary, pay, or wages.

Yes, sou can also be a verb form: it is the vosaltres form of ser, meaning you all are. But in this sentence, the article el before it makes it clear that sou is a noun: el sou = the salary/pay.

El is the masculine singular definite article, meaning the.

Catalan often uses the definite article in places where English may be more flexible. So el sou a temps complet can mean either:

• the full-time salary/pay in a specific situation, or
• full-time pay in a general sense

This use of the article is very normal in Catalan.

Both sou and salari can mean salary.

A useful rough distinction is:

• sou = very common in everyday language, often pay/salary
• salari = also correct, sometimes a bit more formal or neutral

So El sou a temps complet és bo sounds natural and everyday.

A temps complet is the normal Catalan expression for full-time.

It is a fixed phrase used for work situations:

• feina a temps complet = full-time job
• treballar a temps complet = to work full-time
• sou a temps complet = full-time pay/salary

Literally, it looks something like at full time, but you should learn it as a whole expression meaning full-time.

Because a temps complet is the idiomatic Catalan expression.

English speakers often want to translate word for word, but this is one of those phrases that should be learned as a set chunk. Catalan normally says:

• a temps complet = full-time
• a temps parcial = part-time

So the a is just part of the standard expression.

Because the fixed expression is a temps complet, with temps in the singular form.

In Catalan, temps is one of those nouns whose form does not change between singular and plural, so the form temps itself does not tell you singular vs. plural. In this expression, it is understood as singular, and complet agrees with it in masculine singular.

Catalan, like Spanish, often distinguishes between ser and estar.

Here, és is from ser, and it is used because bo describes a general quality or evaluation of the salary: it is good.

So:

• és bo = it is good
• està bo would not fit this meaning here

Also, the accent matters:

• és = is
• es = a pronoun, not the verb form

This is a very common question.

• bo is an adjective meaning good
• bé is usually an adverb meaning well

In this sentence, bo describes the noun sou, so you need the adjective:

• El sou és bo = The salary is good

You would not use bé here, because bé does not describe the noun sou.

Yes. Bo agrees with sou.

Since sou is masculine singular, the adjective must also be masculine singular:

• sou → bo

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too:

• Els sous ... són bons = The salaries ... are good
• La paga ... és bona = The pay/check ... is good

So adjective agreement is important in Catalan.

Yes, it is understandable and natural enough.

It means that the pay for a full-time position is good. Depending on context, a speaker might also say something a bit more explicit, such as:

• El sou d’una feina a temps complet és bo
• El sou per a treballar a temps complet és bo

But the original sentence is perfectly fine as a short, natural statement.