هو ينتظر الحافلة عند محطة القطار.

هو is not strictly necessary here.

Arabic often leaves the subject pronoun unstated because the verb already tells you the person, number, and gender.
So:

• هو ينتظر الحافلة عند محطة القطار = He is waiting for the bus at the train station
• ينتظر الحافلة عند محطة القطار = also He is waiting for the bus at the train station

Including هو can make the sentence feel a little more explicit or emphatic, especially in beginner examples.

In Modern Standard Arabic, the present tense often covers both:

• he waits
• he is waiting

So ينتظر can mean either, depending on context.

Arabic does not need a separate verb like is to form the present progressive. In English we say:

• He is waiting

But in Arabic, just the present verb is enough:

• هو ينتظر

If you want to make the action especially continuous or ongoing, Arabic can sometimes use extra words, but in a simple sentence like this, ينتظر is perfectly normal.

ينتظر comes from the root ن ظ ر, which is related to looking or waiting, depending on the pattern.

The dictionary form is:

• انتظر = to wait

And ينتظر means:

• he waits / he is waiting

This is a Form VIII verb. You do not need to master all the forms immediately, but it helps to recognize that Arabic verbs often change meaning through patterns built around a root.

Yes, الحافلة literally means the bus.

The prefix الـ is the Arabic definite article, equivalent to the in English.

So:

• حافلة = a bus
• الحافلة = the bus

In context, Arabic often uses the definite article where English might also use the, especially when the bus is understood or specific.

There is an object case in formal Arabic, but in normal written Arabic the short vowel endings are usually not written.

In a fully vowelled version, you would see:

• هو ينتظرُ الحافلةَ عندَ محطةِ القطارِ

Here:

• ينتظرُ has a nominative ending
• الحافلةَ is in the accusative because it is the direct object
• عندَ has its own case ending
• محطةِ and القطارِ are in the genitive

But in ordinary Arabic writing, these short vowels are usually omitted, so learners have to infer the grammar from structure.

عند often means at, by, or near.
In this sentence, it gives the sense of being at the train station.

So:

• عند محطة القطار = at the train station

If you used في, it would mean more literally in the train station:

• في محطة القطار = in the train station

Both can be possible in some contexts, but عند is very natural for location in the sense of being at a place.

This is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

• محطة = station
• القطار = the train

Together:

• محطة القطار = the train station
  literally: station of the train

In an iḍāfa:

1. the first noun usually does not take الـ
2. the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite or indefinite

So:

• محطة قطار = a train station
• محطة القطار = the train station

That is why محطة has no الـ, even though the whole phrase is definite.

Because the second noun in the iḍāfa makes the whole phrase definite.

• قطار = a train
• القطار = the train

When you say:

• محطة القطار

you are making the station phrase definite: the train station

This is one of the most important patterns in Arabic noun phrases.

Yes. Arabic word order is more flexible than English.

You can have:

• هو ينتظر الحافلة عند محطة القطار
• ينتظر الحافلة عند محطة القطار

Both are natural.

Arabic also often likes verb-first order in many contexts, but pronoun subjects can be omitted because the verb already contains the subject information.

For a learner, the version with هو is easier to read because the subject is made explicit.

A careful pronunciation would be roughly:

huwa yantaẓiru al-ḥāfilata ʿinda maḥaṭṭati al-qiṭāri

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• ح in الحافلة is a deep h sound, not the ordinary English h
• ظ in ينتظر is an emphatic consonant
• محطة has a doubled ṭṭ sound
• In الـ before ح and ق, the l sound is pronounced, because these are moon letters

So you pronounce:

• al-ḥāfila
• al-qiṭār

not with assimilation.

Because انتظر takes its object directly in Arabic.

English says:

• wait for the bus

Arabic says:

• ينتظر الحافلة
• literally: he waits the bus

This is a very common difference between Arabic and English. Many Arabic verbs do not use the same prepositions that English does.

In full classical-style vowelled form, it would be:

هو ينتظرُ الحافلةَ عندَ محطةِ القطارِ

Breakdown:

• هو = independent pronoun
• ينتظرُ = present tense verb, final ـُ
• الحافلةَ = direct object, so accusative
• عندَ = adverb/preposition-like word, with fatḥa
• محطةِ = after عند, so genitive
• القطارِ = second term of iḍāfa, also genitive

In normal writing, these endings are usually omitted.

Yes. عند has several common uses.

It can mean:

• at / by / near a place
• with / in the possession of
• sometimes according to, depending on context

Examples:

• عند المدرسة = at the school
• عندي كتاب = I have a book
  literally: at me is a book

In your sentence, it is the location meaning: at the train station.

You would remove definiteness from the second noun:

• محطة قطار = a train station

Compare:

• محطة قطار = a train station
• محطة القطار = the train station

That is because the definiteness of an iḍāfa phrase depends on the second noun.

Yes, literally that is how the structure works.

Arabic often expresses relationships between nouns through iḍāfa rather than with words like of.

So:

• محطة القطار = literally station of the train
• natural English: the train station

This pattern is extremely common in Arabic, so it is worth getting comfortable with it early.