سماعة الرأس قرب المشارك.

In Arabic, the present-tense verb to be is usually omitted.

So سماعة الرأس قرب المشارك literally looks like The headset near the participant, but it naturally means The headset is near the participant.

This is a very common pattern in Arabic nominal sentences:

• الكتاب على الطاولة = The book is on the table
• الرجل في البيت = The man is in the house

If you wanted a past-tense meaning, then Arabic would usually use a verb such as كان:

• كانت سماعة الرأس قرب المشارك = The headset was near the participant

سماعة الرأس is an iḍāfa construction, often called a possessive or noun-link construction.

Literally, it is:

• سماعة = device for hearing / headphone / headset
• الرأس = the head

So the phrase literally means something like the head’s hearing-device, but in natural English it means headset or headphones, depending on context.

In an iḍāfa:

1. The first noun comes first.
2. The second noun specifies it.
3. The first noun does not take ال.
4. The second noun may be definite or indefinite depending on meaning.

So:

• سماعة رأس = a headset
• سماعة الرأس = the headset

Because it is the first part of an iḍāfa construction.

In Arabic, the first noun in an iḍāfa usually does not take ال, even when the whole phrase is definite. The definiteness is carried by the second noun.

So:

• سماعة الرأس = the headset
• not السماعة الرأس

This is one of the most important patterns in Arabic grammar.

Compare:

• باب البيت = the door of the house / the house door
• كتاب الطالب = the student’s book

In each case, the first noun has no ال, but the whole phrase can still be definite because the second noun is definite.

المشارك means the participant.

It has ال because it is definite here. So the sentence refers to a specific participant, not just any participant.

Compare:

• قرب مشارك = near a participant
• قرب المشارك = near the participant

So the full sentence is talking about:

• the headset
• near the participant

Here قرب means near.

Grammatically, it is often treated as an adverbial noun of place, not exactly the same as an ordinary English-style preposition. In simple learning terms, though, you can understand it as functioning like near.

So:

• قرب المشارك = near the participant

You may also see a longer expression:

• بالقرب من المشارك = near the participant

Both can express similar meaning, though قرب is shorter and common in simple descriptive sentences.

Yes. It is a complete nominal sentence.

Its structure is:

• سماعة الرأس = the topic / subject
• قرب المشارك = the comment / predicate

So it works just like:

• الكتاب هنا = The book is here
• السيارة خارج البيت = The car is outside the house

Arabic does not need an explicit present-tense is for this kind of sentence.

A careful pronunciation would be approximately:

sammaaʿatu r-raʾsi qurb(a) al-mushāriki

In normal unvowelled writing, short endings are not shown, so learners often just read it more simply as:

samāʿat ar-raʾs qurb al-mushārik

A few pronunciation notes:

• سماعة ends with ة. In connected speech, that ending is pronounced as -a or with a case ending in formal reading.
• الرأس contains the hamza ء, a glottal stop.
• In الرأس, the l of ال is pronounced because ر is a moon letter? Wait: actually ر is a sun letter, so the l is assimilated. So it is pronounced more like ar-raʾs, not al-raʾs.
• المشارك is pronounced al-mushārik, because م is a moon letter, so the l is pronounced.

Because ر is a sun letter.

When ال comes before a sun letter, the l sound assimilates to the next consonant. So:

• الرأس is pronounced ar-raʾs
• not al-raʾs

Compare:

• الشمس = ash-shams
• الرجل = ar-rajul
• البيت = al-bayt because ب is a moon letter, so no assimilation happens

This affects pronunciation, not spelling. The word is still written الرأس.

By itself, سماعة الرأس is grammatically singular, so it usually means a headset or a pair of headphones as one unit, depending on context.

Arabic often treats some equipment words as a single item even if English may think of them as a pair.

If you clearly want the plural, you could say:

• سماعات الرأس = headphones / headsets

So context decides whether the singular phrase refers to:

• one headset
• one pair of headphones

المشارك is the masculine form meaning the participant.

If the participant is female, you would normally use:

• المشاركة = the female participant

So the sentence would become:

• سماعة الرأس قرب المشاركة = The headset is near the female participant

This is a common pattern:

• مشارك = male participant
• مشاركة = female participant

Yes, in fully vocalized formal Arabic there would be case endings, but in normal everyday writing they are usually omitted.

A fully inflected version could be read as:

• سماعةُ الرأسِ قربَ المشاركِ

Here:

• سماعةُ would be nominative because it is the subject/topic
• الرأسِ is genitive because it is the second part of the iḍāfa
• المشاركِ is genitive after قرب in this usage

However, most printed Arabic leaves these short vowels out, so learners usually see:

• سماعة الرأس قرب المشارك

That is completely normal.

Yes. A few natural alternatives are possible, depending on style:

• سماعة الرأس بجانب المشارك = The headset is beside the participant
• سماعة الرأس بالقرب من المشارك = The headset is near the participant
• سماعة الرأس عند المشارك = The headset is by/with the participant

These are slightly different in nuance:

• قرب = near
• بجانب = beside / next to
• بالقرب من = near, a little more explicit
• عند = at / by / with

So your original sentence is correct and concise, but it is not the only possible wording.