الملكة هنا اليوم.

In Arabic, the present-tense verb to be is usually not stated in simple sentences like this.

So instead of saying something equivalent to The queen is here today with a separate word for is, Arabic simply says:

الملكة هنا اليوم

This is called a nominal sentence in Arabic.
The structure is basically:

• الملكة = the subject/topic
• هنا اليوم = the information about the subject

If you wanted was or will be, Arabic would use a verb, but in the present tense it normally does not.

This is a nominal sentence (جملة اسمية).

A simple way to analyze it is:

• الملكة = the subject/topic (mubtadaʾ)
• هنا اليوم = the predicate/comment (khabar)

More specifically:

• هنا means here and functions like an adverb of place
• اليوم means today and functions like an adverb of time

So the sentence is built as:

subject + place + time

That is very natural in Arabic.

It is commonly pronounced:

al-malika

A few useful notes:

• الـ = al-
• مَلِكَة = malika
• together: al-malika

The final ة is called tāʾ marbūṭa.
At the end of a word in normal pause, it usually sounds like -a or -ah, not like a strong t.

So in normal reading:

• الملكة → al-malika

In very formal reading with full case endings, it can become:

• الملكةُ → al-malikatu

الـ is the Arabic definite article, equivalent to the in English.

So:

• ملكة = a queen / queen
• الملكة = the queen

Because the sentence refers to a specific queen, Arabic uses الـ.

Because هنا is not an adjective. It is an adverb-like word meaning here.

Adverbs like هنا do not change for:

• gender
• number
• person

So it stays هنا whether the subject is:

• masculine
• feminine
• singular
• plural

Examples:

• الملك هنا = the king is here
• الملكة هنا = the queen is here
• الطلاب هنا = the students are here

That is just how Arabic normally expresses today: اليوم.

Literally, it looks like the day, but in actual usage it commonly means today.

So this is very natural Arabic, not a strange literal phrase.

You should learn اليوم as a set expression meaning today in many contexts.

In fully vocalized, formal MSA, the sentence would typically be:

اَلْمَلِكَةُ هُنَا الْيَوْمَ

This reflects:

• الملكةُ = subject, so it takes -u ending
• هنا = fixed form
• اليومَ = adverb of time, so it is often in the accusative with -a

A careful transliteration would be:

al-malikatu hunā al-yawma

But in normal pausal pronunciation, many speakers would simply say:

al-malika hunā al-yawm

The word order is not completely fixed. Arabic allows some flexibility, especially with adverbs like هنا and اليوم.

So these can all be possible, depending on emphasis:

• الملكة هنا اليوم = the queen is here today
• الملكة اليوم هنا = the queen is here today
• اليوم الملكة هنا = today, the queen is here

The original sentence is very natural and straightforward.
Changing the order usually changes the focus or emphasis, not the basic meaning.

Because it begins with a noun, not a verb.

• الملكة is a noun
• there is no verb at the beginning

In Arabic, sentences are often divided into:

• nominal sentences: begin with a noun
• verbal sentences: begin with a verb

Since this sentence starts with الملكة, it is a nominal sentence.

A natural reading is:

al-malika hunā al-yawm

If you want a slower breakdown:

• الملكة → al-malika
• هنا → hunā
• اليوم → al-yawm

In very formal recitation with full endings, it could be:

al-malikatu hunā al-yawma

But learners will hear the pausal version much more often in practice.

No. This is a very common beginner question.

The final ة (tāʾ marbūṭa) is usually pronounced:

• -a / -ah when stopping on the word
• -t- when grammatical endings or certain connections are clearly pronounced

So here:

• in normal pause: الملكة → al-malika
• in full formal inflection: الملكةُ → al-malikatu

That is why learners often see ة explained as a feminine ending that is usually heard as -a, even though historically it is related to t.